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Prevalence and Risk Factors for Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Health Care Workers in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Listed:
  • Xia Zhang
  • Hongyan Jia
  • Fei Liu
  • Liping Pan
  • Aiying Xing
  • Shuxiang Gu
  • Boping Du
  • Qi Sun
  • Rongrong Wei
  • Zongde Zhang

Abstract

Background: Health care workers (HCWs) are at risk of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). In China, tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem, but the prevalence of LTBI in HCWs especially in the hospital for pulmonary diseases has not been assessed enough. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and putative risk factors of LTBI among HCWs in a chest hospital and a TB research institute in China. Methodology/Principal Findings: A cross-sectional study was conducted among HCWs in China in 2012. LTBI was assessed by T-SPOT.TB, and information on HCWs was collected using a standardised questionnaire. Risk factors for LTBI were analyzed by univariate and multivariate regression. The overall prevalence of LTBI among HCWs was 33.6%. Analyzed by job category, the highest prevalence was found among laboratory staff (43.4%). In the different workplaces, the proportion of LTBI was significantly higher among the high risk workplaces (37.4%) compared to the low risk workplaces. The duration of employment had a significant impact on the prevalence of LTBI. Positive T-SPOT.TB test results accounted for 17.6%, 16.8%, 23.5%, 41.8% and 41.6% in groups of ≤2, 3–5, 6–10, 11–20, and >20 working years respectively. In multivariate analysis, job categories (Laboratory staff [2.76 (95% CI: 1.36; 5.60)], technician staff [2.02 (95% CI: 1.12; 3.64)]); working duration as a HCW for 11 to 20 years [3.57 (95% CI: 1.46; 8.71)], and 20 years above [3.41 (95% CI: 1.28; 9.11)]; and the history of household TB contact [2.47 (95% CI: 1.15; 5.33)] were associated with increased risk of LTBI. Conclusions/Significance: Prevalence of LTBI estimated by T-SPOT.TB is high among Chinese HCWs and working duration, job category and the history of household TB contact were associated with increased risk. These data highlight adequate infection control measures should be undertaken.

Suggested Citation

  • Xia Zhang & Hongyan Jia & Fei Liu & Liping Pan & Aiying Xing & Shuxiang Gu & Boping Du & Qi Sun & Rongrong Wei & Zongde Zhang, 2013. "Prevalence and Risk Factors for Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Health Care Workers in China: A Cross-Sectional Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(6), pages 1-6, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0066412
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066412
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rajnish Joshi & Arthur L Reingold & Dick Menzies & Madhukar Pai, 2006. "Tuberculosis among Health-Care Workers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 3(12), pages 1-16, December.
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    1. Bin Chen & Xiaomeng Wang & Jiemin Zhong & Songhua Chen & Beibei Wu & Hui-Chi Yeh & Zhenggang Jiang & Zhengting Wang & Hua Gu & Jianmin Jiang, 2014. "Tuberculosis among Healthcare Workers in Southeastern China: A Retrospective Study of 7-Year Surveillance Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-11, November.
    2. Esther Vaquero-Álvarez & Antonio Cubero-Atienza & Pilar Ruiz-Martínez & Manuel Vaquero-Abellán & María Dolores Redel-Macías & Pilar Aparicio-Martínez, 2020. "Tuberculosis and Other Airborne Microbes in Occupational Health and Safety," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-16, September.
    3. Kai Cao & Kun Yang & Chao Wang & Jin Guo & Lixin Tao & Qingrong Liu & Mahara Gehendra & Yingjie Zhang & Xiuhua Guo, 2016. "Spatial-Temporal Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in Mainland China: An Analysis Based on Bayesian Theory," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-8, May.

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