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Association between Dietary Patterns and Depressive Symptoms Over Time: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study of the GAZEL Cohort

Author

Listed:
  • Agnès Le Port
  • Alice Gueguen
  • Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
  • Maria Melchior
  • Cédric Lemogne
  • Hermann Nabi
  • Marcel Goldberg
  • Marie Zins
  • Sébastien Czernichow

Abstract

Background: Data on the association between dietary patterns and depression are scarce. The objective of this study was to examine the longitudinal association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms assessed repeatedly over 10 years in the French occupational GAZEL cohort. Methods: A total of 9,272 men and 3,132 women, aged 45–60 years in 1998, completed a 35-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) at baseline. Dietary patterns were derived by Principal Component Analysis. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D) in 1999, 2002, 2005 and 2008. The main outcome measure was the repeated measures of CES-D. Longitudinal analyses were performed with logistic regression based on generalized estimating equations. Principal Findings: The highest quartile of low-fat, western, high snack and high fat-sweet diets in men and low-fat and high snack diets in women were associated with higher likelihood of depressive symptoms at the start of the follow-up compared to the lowest quartile (OR between 1.16 and 1.50). Conversely, the highest quartile of traditional diet (characterized by fish and fruit consumption) was associated with a lower likelihood of depressive symptoms in women compared to the lowest quartile, with OR = 0.63 [95%CI, 0.50 to 0.80], as the healthy pattern (characterized by vegetables consumption) with OR = 0.72 [95%CI, 0.63 to 0.83] and OR = 0.75 [95%CI, 0.61 to 0.93] in men and women, respectively. However, there was probably a reverse causality effect for the healthy pattern. Conclusion: This longitudinal study shows that several dietary patterns are associated with depressive symptoms and these associations track over time.

Suggested Citation

  • Agnès Le Port & Alice Gueguen & Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot & Maria Melchior & Cédric Lemogne & Hermann Nabi & Marcel Goldberg & Marie Zins & Sébastien Czernichow, 2012. "Association between Dietary Patterns and Depressive Symptoms Over Time: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study of the GAZEL Cohort," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(12), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0051593
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051593
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    1. Melchior, M. & Ferrie, J.E. & Alexanderson, K. & Goldberg, M. & Kivimaki, M. & Singh-Manoux, A. & Vahtera, J. & Westerlund, H. & Zins, M. & Head, J., 2009. "Using sickness absence records to predict future depression in a working population: Prospective findings from the GAZEL cohort," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 99(8), pages 1417-1422.
    2. Felice N Jacka & Peter J Kremer & Michael Berk & Andrea M de Silva-Sanigorski & Marjorie Moodie & Eva R Leslie & Julie A Pasco & Boyd A Swinburn, 2011. "A Prospective Study of Diet Quality and Mental Health in Adolescents," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(9), pages 1-7, September.
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    1. Meneton, Pierre & Hoertel, Nicolas & Wiernik, Emmanuel & Lemogne, Cédric & Ribet, Céline & Bonenfant, Sébastien & Ménard, Joël & Goldberg, Marcel & Zins, Marie, 2018. "Work environment mediates a large part of social inequalities in the incidence of several common cardiovascular risk factors: Findings from the Gazel cohort," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 59-66.
    2. Guy-Marino Hinnouho & Archana Singh-Manoux & Alice Gueguen & Joane Matta & Cedric Lemogne & Marcel Goldberg & Marie Zins & Sébastien Czernichow, 2017. "Metabolically healthy obesity and depressive symptoms: 16-year follow-up of the Gazel cohort study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(4), pages 1-10, April.
    3. Mulusew G Jebena & David Lindstrom & Tefera Belachew & Craig Hadley & Carl Lachat & Roos Verstraeten & Nathalie De Cock & Patrick Kolsteren, 2016. "Food Insecurity and Common Mental Disorders among Ethiopian Youth: Structural Equation Modeling," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(11), pages 1-20, November.
    4. Tsz Hin H Ng & Jana M Mossey & Brian K Lee, 2013. "Total Blood Mercury Levels and Depression among Adults in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2008," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(11), pages 1-8, November.
    5. Zhongkun Zhu & Wanglin Ma & Chenxin Leng & Peng Nie, 2021. "The Relationship Between Happiness and Consumption Expenditure: Evidence from Rural China," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 16(4), pages 1587-1611, August.
    6. Verena Rossa-Roccor & Chris G Richardson & Rachel A Murphy & Anne M Gadermann, 2021. "The association between diet and mental health and wellbeing in young adults within a biopsychosocial framework," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(6), pages 1-19, June.

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