IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/socmed/v216y2018icp59-66.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Work environment mediates a large part of social inequalities in the incidence of several common cardiovascular risk factors: Findings from the Gazel cohort

Author

Listed:
  • Meneton, Pierre
  • Hoertel, Nicolas
  • Wiernik, Emmanuel
  • Lemogne, Cédric
  • Ribet, Céline
  • Bonenfant, Sébastien
  • Ménard, Joël
  • Goldberg, Marcel
  • Zins, Marie

Abstract

Whether working conditions contribute to social inequalities in cardiovascular disease is still a matter of debate. The present study investigates the extent to which the social gradient in the incidence of common behavioral and clinical risk factors is explained by work environment. In a well-characterized cohort of 20,625 middle-aged French civil servants followed for 25 years, social status and work environment were globally measured at baseline by combining respectively four socioeconomic indicators (education, wealth, income, occupational grade) and 25 physical, biomechanical, organizational and psychosocial occupational exposures. These 2 global measures are strongly correlated with each other (p < 0.0001), lower is social status, worse is work environment. In proportional hazard regression models adjusted for sex, age and parental cardiovascular disease, low social status increases the incidence of 9 risk factors with hazard ratios ranging from 1.12 to 1.72 while bad work environment increases the incidence of 7 risk factors with hazard ratios ranging from 1.15 to 2.02. Structural equation models to discrete-time survival analysis with moderated mediation show that bad work environment explains nearly 50% of the global effect of low social status on the incidence of the 9 risk factors (p < 0.01). This mediating effect varies substantially from one risk factor to another, explaining 32–39% of social gradients in the risk of physical inactivity, obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia and 64–90% of gradients in the risk of hypertension, sleep complaints and depression (all p < 0.01). No significant mediating effect of work environment is found for social gradients in the incidence of non-moderate alcohol consumption and smoking. These results suggest that work environment mediates a large part of the social gradient in the incidence of several common cardiovascular risk factors, emphasizing the necessity to include working conditions in policies aimed to reduce social inequalities in health.

Suggested Citation

  • Meneton, Pierre & Hoertel, Nicolas & Wiernik, Emmanuel & Lemogne, Cédric & Ribet, Céline & Bonenfant, Sébastien & Ménard, Joël & Goldberg, Marcel & Zins, Marie, 2018. "Work environment mediates a large part of social inequalities in the incidence of several common cardiovascular risk factors: Findings from the Gazel cohort," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 59-66.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:216:y:2018:i:c:p:59-66
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.09.042
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953618305392
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.09.042?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Winkleby, M.A. & Jatulis, D.E. & Frank, E. & Fortmann, S.P., 1992. "Socioeconomic status and health: How education, income, and occupation contribute to risk factors for cardiovascular disease," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 82(6), pages 816-820.
    2. Agnès Le Port & Alice Gueguen & Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot & Maria Melchior & Cédric Lemogne & Hermann Nabi & Marcel Goldberg & Marie Zins & Sébastien Czernichow, 2012. "Association between Dietary Patterns and Depressive Symptoms Over Time: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study of the GAZEL Cohort," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(12), pages 1-8, December.
    3. Kristopher J. Preacher & Patrick J. Curran & Daniel J. Bauer, 2006. "Computational Tools for Probing Interactions in Multiple Linear Regression, Multilevel Modeling, and Latent Curve Analysis," Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, , vol. 31(4), pages 437-448, December.
    4. Quesnel-Vallée, Amélie & Taylor, Miles, 2012. "Socioeconomic pathways to depressive symptoms in adulthood: Evidence from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 74(5), pages 734-743.
    5. Roman Pabayo & Ichiro Kawachi & Stephen Gilman, 2015. "US State-level income inequality and risks of heart attack and coronary risk behaviors: longitudinal findings," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 60(5), pages 573-588, July.
    6. Karasek, R. & Baker, D. & Marxer, F. & Ahlbom, A. & Theorell, T., 1981. "Job decision latitude, job demands, and cardiovascular disease: A prospective study of Swedish men," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 71(7), pages 694-705.
    7. Siegrist, Johannes & Starke, Dagmar & Chandola, Tarani & Godin, Isabelle & Marmot, Michael & Niedhammer, Isabelle & Peter, Richard, 2004. "The measurement of effort-reward imbalance at work: European comparisons," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 58(8), pages 1483-1499, April.
    8. Huisman, Martijn & Van Lenthe, Frank & Avendano, Mauricio & Mackenbach, Johan, 2008. "The contribution of job characteristics to socioeconomic inequalities in incidence of myocardial infarction," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 66(11), pages 2240-2252, June.
    9. Landsbergis, P.A. & Dobson, M. & Koutsouras, G. & Schnall, P., 2013. "Job strain and ambulatory blood pressure: A meta-analysis and systematic review," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 103(3), pages 61-71.
    10. Farrell, Lisa & Hollingsworth, Bruce & Propper, Carol & Shields, Michael A., 2014. "The socioeconomic gradient in physical inactivity: Evidence from one million adults in England," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 55-63.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Sanchez Rico, Marina & Plessz, Marie & Airagnes, Guillaume & Wiernik, Emmanuel & Hoertel, Nicolas & Goldberg, Marcel & Zins, Marie & Meneton, Pierre, 2024. "Lifetime exposure to unemployment and prior working conditions are associated with retiree's health: A retrospective study in a large population-based French cohort," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 341(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sanchez Rico, Marina & Plessz, Marie & Airagnes, Guillaume & Wiernik, Emmanuel & Hoertel, Nicolas & Goldberg, Marcel & Zins, Marie & Meneton, Pierre, 2024. "Lifetime exposure to unemployment and prior working conditions are associated with retiree's health: A retrospective study in a large population-based French cohort," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 341(C).
    2. Rémi Colin-Chevalier & Bruno Pereira & Amanda Clare Benson & Samuel Dewavrin & Thomas Cornet & Frédéric Dutheil, 2022. "The Protective Role of Job Control/Autonomy on Mental Strain of Managers: A Cross-Sectional Study among Wittyfit’s Users," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-10, February.
    3. Jake M. Najman & William Wang & Maria Plotnikova & Abdullah A. Mamun & David McIntyre & Gail M. Williams & James G. Scott & William Bor & Alexandra M. Clavarino, 0. "Poverty over the early life course and young adult cardio-metabolic risk," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 0, pages 1-10.
    4. Rinsky-Halivni, Lilah & Hovav, Boaz & Christiani, David C. & Brammli-Greenberg, Shuli, 2022. "Aging workforce with reduced work capacity: From organizational challenges to successful accommodations sustaining productivity and well-being," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 312(C).
    5. Jake M. Najman & William Wang & Maria Plotnikova & Abdullah A. Mamun & David McIntyre & Gail M. Williams & James G. Scott & William Bor & Alexandra M. Clavarino, 2020. "Poverty over the early life course and young adult cardio-metabolic risk," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 65(6), pages 759-768, July.
    6. Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol & Enirtes Caetano Prates Melo & Marilia Sá Carvalho & Dóra Chor & José Geraldo Mill & Rosane Härter Griep, 2017. "Job Strain and Casual Blood Pressure Distribution: Looking beyond the Adjusted Mean and Taking Gender, Age, and Use of Antihypertensives into Account. Results from ELSA-Brasil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-19, April.
    7. Ezeamama, Amara E. & Viali, Satupaitea & Tuitele, John & McGarvey, Stephen T., 2006. "The influence of socioeconomic factors on cardiovascular disease risk factors in the context of economic development in the Samoan archipelago," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(10), pages 2533-2545, November.
    8. René Schilling & Flora Colledge & Sebastian Ludyga & Uwe Pühse & Serge Brand & Markus Gerber, 2019. "Does Cardiorespiratory Fitness Moderate the Association between Occupational Stress, Cardiovascular Risk, and Mental Health in Police Officers?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-19, July.
    9. Anastasia Zelenina & Svetlana Shalnova & Sergey Maksimov & Oksana Drapkina, 2022. "Classification of Deprivation Indices That Applied to Detect Health Inequality: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-19, August.
    10. Pedro Gullón & Julia Díez & Paloma Conde & Carmen Ramos & Valentín Márquez & Hannah Badland & Francisco Escobar & Manuel Franco, 2019. "Using Photovoice to Examine Physical Activity in the Urban Context and Generate Policy Recommendations: The Heart Healthy Hoods Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-16, March.
    11. Mario Schnalzenberger & Nicole Schneeweis & Rudolf Winter-Ebmer & Martina Zweimüller, 2014. "Job Quality and Employment of Older People in Europe," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 28(2), pages 141-162, June.
    12. Nektaria Nicolakakis & Maude Lafantaisie & Marie-Claude Letellier & Caroline Biron & Michel Vézina & Nathalie Jauvin & Maryline Vivion & Mariève Pelletier, 2022. "Are Organizational Interventions Effective in Protecting Healthcare Worker Mental Health during Epidemics/Pandemics? A Systematic Literature Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-18, August.
    13. repec:iab:iabfda:201601(de is not listed on IDEAS
    14. M. Vernay & B. Salanave & C. Peretti & C. Druet & A. Malon & V. Deschamps & S. Hercberg & K. Castetbon, 2013. "Metabolic syndrome and socioeconomic status in France: The French Nutrition and Health Survey (ENNS, 2006–2007)," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 58(6), pages 855-864, December.
    15. Syed Hasan & Odmaa Narantungalag, & Martin Berka, 2022. "The intended and unintended consequences of large electricity subsidies: evidence from Mongolia," Discussion Papers 2202, School of Economics and Finance, Massey University, New Zealand.
    16. Chunping Han, 2014. "Health Implications of Socioeconomic Characteristics, Subjective Social Status, and Perceptions of Inequality: An Empirical Study of China," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 119(2), pages 495-514, November.
    17. Wenjian Zhou & Jianming Hou & Meng Sun & Chang Wang, 2022. "The Impact of Family Socioeconomic Status on Elderly Health in China: Based on the Frailty Index," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-14, January.
    18. Liebig, Stefan & Schupp, Jürgen, 2008. "Leistungs- oder Bedarfsgerechtigkeit? Über einen normativen Zielkonflikt des Wohlfahrtsstaats und seiner Bedeutung für die Bewertung des eigenen Erwerbseinkommens," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 59(1), pages 7-30.
    19. Meyer, Sophie-Charlotte & Künn-Nelen, Annemarie, 2014. "Do Occupational Demands Explain the Educational Gradient in Health?," IZA Discussion Papers 8011, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    20. Manka Eunice Fuh & Brice Wilfried Obiang-Obounou*, 2019. "Overview of Migrant Women’s Health in South Korea: Policy Recommendations," The Journal of Social Sciences Research, Academic Research Publishing Group, vol. 5(3), pages 709-714, 03-2019.
    21. Melissa P L Chan & Robert S Weinhold & Reuben Thomas & Julia M Gohlke & Christopher J Portier, 2015. "Environmental Predictors of US County Mortality Patterns on a National Basis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(12), pages 1-25, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:216:y:2018:i:c:p:59-66. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/315/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.