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Genetic Affinities of the Central Indian Tribal Populations

Author

Listed:
  • Gunjan Sharma
  • Rakesh Tamang
  • Ruchira Chaudhary
  • Vipin Kumar Singh
  • Anish M Shah
  • Sharath Anugula
  • Deepa Selvi Rani
  • Alla G Reddy
  • Muthukrishnan Eaaswarkhanth
  • Gyaneshwer Chaubey
  • Lalji Singh
  • Kumarasamy Thangaraj

Abstract

Background: The central Indian state Madhya Pradesh is often called as ‘heart of India’ and has always been an important region functioning as a trinexus belt for three major language families (Indo-European, Dravidian and Austroasiatic). There are less detailed genetic studies on the populations inhabited in this region. Therefore, this study is an attempt for extensive characterization of genetic ancestries of three tribal populations, namely; Bharia, Bhil and Sahariya, inhabiting this region using haploid and diploid DNA markers. Methodology/Principal Findings: Mitochondrial DNA analysis showed high diversity, including some of the older sublineages of M haplogroup and prominent R lineages in all the three tribes. Y-chromosomal biallelic markers revealed high frequency of Austroasiatic-specific M95-O2a haplogroup in Bharia and Sahariya, M82-H1a in Bhil and M17-R1a in Bhil and Sahariya. The results obtained by haploid as well as diploid genetic markers revealed strong genetic affinity of Bharia (a Dravidian speaking tribe) with the Austroasiatic (Munda) group. The gene flow from Austroasiatic group is further confirmed by their Y-STRs haplotype sharing analysis, where we determined their founder haplotype from the North Munda speaking tribe, while, autosomal analysis was largely in concordant with the haploid DNA results. Conclusions/Significance: Bhil exhibited largely Indo-European specific ancestry, while Sahariya and Bharia showed admixed genetic package of Indo-European and Austroasiatic populations. Hence, in a landscape like India, linguistic label doesn't unequivocally follow the genetic footprints.

Suggested Citation

  • Gunjan Sharma & Rakesh Tamang & Ruchira Chaudhary & Vipin Kumar Singh & Anish M Shah & Sharath Anugula & Deepa Selvi Rani & Alla G Reddy & Muthukrishnan Eaaswarkhanth & Gyaneshwer Chaubey & Lalji Sing, 2012. "Genetic Affinities of the Central Indian Tribal Populations," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(2), pages 1-8, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0032546
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032546
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David Reich & Kumarasamy Thangaraj & Nick Patterson & Alkes L. Price & Lalji Singh, 2009. "Reconstructing Indian population history," Nature, Nature, vol. 461(7263), pages 489-494, September.
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    1. Gyaneshwer Chaubey & Anurag Kadian & Saroj Bala & Vadlamudi Raghavendra Rao, 2015. "Genetic Affinity of the Bhil, Kol and Gond Mentioned in Epic Ramayana," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(6), pages 1-11, June.

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