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Pricing and Hedging American Options Using Approximations by Kim Integral Equations

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  • Siim Kallast
  • Andi Kivinukk

Abstract

We present an approximation method for pricing and hedging American options written on a dividend-paying asset. This method is based on Kim (1990) equations. We demonstrate that a simple approximation of the Kim integral equations by quadrature formulas leads to an efficient and accurate numerical procedure. This approximation is accompanied by the Newton–Raphson iteration procedure in order to compute the optimal exercise boundary at each time point. The proposed sequence of approximations converges monotonically, convergence is fast and accuracy is high, even for long maturity options. We compare numerically our results with other competing approaches by different authors. JEL classification codes: G12, G13, C63.

Suggested Citation

  • Siim Kallast & Andi Kivinukk, 2003. "Pricing and Hedging American Options Using Approximations by Kim Integral Equations," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 7(3), pages 361-383.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:revfin:v:7:y:2003:i:3:p:361-383.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1023/B:EUFI.0000022128.44728.4c
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    Cited by:

    1. Doriana Ruffino & Jonathan Treussard, 2006. "Lumps and Clusters in Duopolistic Investment Games: An Early Exercise Premium Approach," Boston University - Department of Economics - Working Papers Series WP2006-044, Boston University - Department of Economics.
    2. Yi‐Wei Chuang & Wei‐Che Tsai & Pei‐Shih Weng & Chi Yin, 2021. "Do put warrants unwind short‐sale restrictions? Further evidence from the Taiwan Stock Exchange," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(3), pages 325-348, March.
    3. Sha Lin & Song‐Ping Zhu, 2022. "Pricing callable–puttable convertible bonds with an integral equation approach," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(10), pages 1856-1911, October.
    4. Carl Chiarella & Andrew Ziogas, 2009. "American Call Options Under Jump-Diffusion Processes - A Fourier Transform Approach," Applied Mathematical Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(1), pages 37-79.
    5. Minqiang Li, 2010. "Analytical approximations for the critical stock prices of American options: a performance comparison," Review of Derivatives Research, Springer, vol. 13(1), pages 75-99, April.
    6. Denis Veliu & Roberto De Marchis & Mario Marino & Antonio Luciano Martire, 2022. "An Alternative Numerical Scheme to Approximate the Early Exercise Boundary of American Options," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-12, December.
    7. Shen, Yang & Sherris, Michael & Ziveyi, Jonathan, 2016. "Valuation of guaranteed minimum maturity benefits in variable annuities with surrender options," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 127-137.
    8. Carl Chiarella & Jonathan Ziveyi, 2011. "Two Stochastic Volatility Processes - American Option Pricing," Research Paper Series 292, Quantitative Finance Research Centre, University of Technology, Sydney.
    9. Liu, Yanchu & Cui, Zhenyu & Zhang, Ning, 2016. "Integral representation of vega for American put options," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 204-208.
    10. Minh-Quan Nguyen & Nhat-Tan Le & Khuong Nguyen-An & Duc-Thi Luu, 2024. "An Integral Equation Approach for the Valuation of Finite-maturity margin-call Stock Loans," Papers 2407.14728, arXiv.org.
    11. Carl Chiarella & Jonathan Ziveyi, 2014. "Pricing American options written on two underlying assets," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(3), pages 409-426, March.
    12. Andrew Ziogas, 2005. "Pricing American Options Using Fourier Analysis," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 29, July-Dece.
    13. Jonathan Ziveyi, 2011. "The Evaluation of Early Exercise Exotic Options," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 2-2011, January-A.
    14. Deng Guohe & Xue Guangming, 2016. "Valuation of American Continuous-Installment Options Under the Constant Elasticity of Variance Model," Journal of Systems Science and Information, De Gruyter, vol. 4(2), pages 149-168, April.
    15. Fabozzi, Frank J. & Paletta, Tommaso & Stanescu, Silvia & Tunaru, Radu, 2016. "An improved method for pricing and hedging long dated American options," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 254(2), pages 656-666.
    16. Song-Ping Zhu & Jing Zhang, 2012. "How should a convertible bond be decomposed?," Decisions in Economics and Finance, Springer;Associazione per la Matematica, vol. 35(2), pages 113-149, November.
    17. Andrew Ziogas & Carl Chiarella, 2004. "Pricing American Options on Jump-Diffusion Processes using Fourier-Hermite Series Expansions," Computing in Economics and Finance 2004 177, Society for Computational Economics.
    18. Detemple, Jérôme & Emmerling, Thomas, 2009. "American chooser options," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 128-153, January.
    19. Jerome Detemple & Yerkin Kitapbayev, 2018. "Optimal Investment under Cost Uncertainty," Risks, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-19, January.
    20. Shi Qiu & Sovan Mitra, 2018. "Mathematical Properties Of American Chooser Options," Journal of Enterprising Culture (JEC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 21(08), pages 1-30, December.
    21. Thomas Adolfsson & Carl Chiarella & Andrew Ziogas & Jonathan Ziveyi, 2013. "Representation and Numerical Approximation of American Option Prices under Heston Stochastic Volatility Dynamics," Research Paper Series 327, Quantitative Finance Research Centre, University of Technology, Sydney.
    22. Jonathan Ziveyi, 2011. "The Evaluation of Early Exercise Exotic Options," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 12, July-Dece.
    23. Andrew Ziogas, 2005. "Pricing American Options Using Fourier Analysis," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 2-2005, January-A.
    24. De Angelis, Tiziano & Kitapbayev, Yerkin, 2017. "Integral equations for Rost’s reversed barriers: Existence and uniqueness results," Stochastic Processes and their Applications, Elsevier, vol. 127(10), pages 3447-3464.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • G13 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing
    • C63 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Computational Techniques

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