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The Smartphone as a Pacifying Technology
[Diagnostic Instruments for Behavioural Addiction: An Overview]

Author

Listed:
  • Shiri Melumad
  • Michel Tuan Pham
  • Darren W Dahl
  • Amna Kirmani
  • Peter R Darke

Abstract

In light of consumers’ growing dependence on their smartphones, this article investigates the nature of the relationship that consumers form with their smartphone and its underlying mechanisms. We propose that in addition to obvious functional benefits, consumers in fact derive emotional benefits from their smartphone—in particular, feelings of psychological comfort and, if needed, actual stress relief. In other words, in a sense, smartphones are not unlike adult pacifiers. This psychological comfort arises from a unique combination of properties that turn smartphones into a reassuring presence for their owners: the portability of the device, its personal nature, the subjective sense of privacy experienced while on the device, and the haptic gratification it affords. Results from one large-scale field study and three laboratory experiments support the proposed underlying mechanisms and document downstream consequences of the psychological comfort that smartphones provide. The findings show, for example, that (a) in moments of stress, consumers exhibit a greater tendency to seek out their smartphone (study 2); and (b) engaging with one’s smartphone provides greater stress relief than engaging in the same activity with a comparable device such as one’s laptop (study 3) or a similar smartphone belonging to someone else (study 4).

Suggested Citation

  • Shiri Melumad & Michel Tuan Pham & Darren W Dahl & Amna Kirmani & Peter R Darke, 2020. "The Smartphone as a Pacifying Technology [Diagnostic Instruments for Behavioural Addiction: An Overview]," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 47(2), pages 237-255.
  • Handle: RePEc:oup:jconrs:v:47:y:2020:i:2:p:237-255.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/jcr/ucaa005
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Belk, Russell W, 1988. "Possessions and the Extended Self," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 15(2), pages 139-168, September.
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    1. Guo, Yiting & Shachat, Jason & Walker, Matthew J. & Wei, Lijia, 2023. "On the generalizability of using mobile devices to conduct economic experiments," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    2. Hyeokkoo Eric Kwon & Sanjeev Dewan & Wonseok Oh & Taekyung Kim, 2023. "Self-Regulation and External Influence: The Relative Efficacy of Mobile Apps and Offline Channels for Personal Weight Management," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 34(1), pages 50-66, March.
    3. Aida Faber & Colleen Bee & Marina Girju & Naz Onel & Anne Marie Rossi & Marina Cozac & Richard J. Lutz & Gia Nardini & Camilla Eunyoung Song, 2022. "The paradoxes of smartphone use: Understanding the user experience in today's connected world," Journal of Consumer Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 56(3), pages 1260-1283, September.

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