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Commuting for Crime

Author

Listed:
  • Tom Kirchmaier
  • Monica Langella
  • Alan Manning

Abstract

People care about crime, with the spatial distribution of both actual and perceived crime affecting the local amenities from living in different areas and residential decisions. The literature finds that crime tends to happen close to the offender's residence, but does not clearly establish whether this is because the location of likely offenders and crime opportunities are close to each other, whether more local crimes are likely to be solved or whether there is a high commuting cost for criminals. We use a rich administrative dataset from one of the biggest UK police forces to disentangle these hypotheses, proposing a procedure for controlling for the selection bias induced by the fact that an offender’s location is only known when they are caught. We find that the cost of distance is very high, especially for crimes without any financial gain. For property crimes, we find a similar cost of distance to commuting for legal work. We also investigate how local socio-economic characteristics affect both the number of criminals and the number of crimes.

Suggested Citation

  • Tom Kirchmaier & Monica Langella & Alan Manning, 2024. "Commuting for Crime," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 134(659), pages 1173-1198.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:econjl:v:134:y:2024:i:659:p:1173-1198.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/ej/uead089
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alan Manning & Barbara Petrongolo, 2017. "How Local Are Labor Markets? Evidence from a Spatial Job Search Model," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 107(10), pages 2877-2907, October.
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    4. Eric D. Gould & Bruce A. Weinberg & David B. Mustard, 2002. "Crime Rates And Local Labor Market Opportunities In The United States: 1979-1997," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 84(1), pages 45-61, February.
    5. da Matta, Rafael Almeida & Andrade, Mônica Viegas, 2011. "A model of local crime displacement," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 30-36, March.
    6. Aitkin, Murray & Francis, Brian, 1992. "Fitting the multinomial logit model with continuous covariates in GLIM," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 89-97, June.
    7. Gordon B. Dahl, 2002. "Mobility and the Return to Education: Testing a Roy Model with Multiple Markets," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 70(6), pages 2367-2420, November.
    8. Viscusi, W Kip, 1986. "The Risks and Rewards of Criminal Activity: A Comprehensive Test of Criminal Deterrence," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 4(3), pages 317-340, July.
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • K42 - Law and Economics - - Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior - - - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law

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