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The 2012 Policy Targets Agreement: an evolution in flexible inflation targeting in New Zealand

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The Policy Targets Agreement (PTA) frames monetary policy conduct. It sets out New Zealand's approach to 'flexible' inflation targeting, which seeks to maintain price stability over the medium term while accommodating, to some degree, shocks that can cause unnecessary economic volatility. A new PTA took effect in September 2012 with the appointment of Governor Graeme heeler. This article discusses the new PTA and how the changes fit within the overall monetary policy framework.

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  • Ross Kendall & Tim Ng, 2013. "The 2012 Policy Targets Agreement: an evolution in flexible inflation targeting in New Zealand," Reserve Bank of New Zealand Bulletin, Reserve Bank of New Zealand, vol. 76, pages 3-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nzb:nzbbul:dec2013:4
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    1. Fatum, Rasmus & Hutchison, Michael, 2006. "Effectiveness of official daily foreign exchange market intervention operations in Japan," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(2), pages 199-219, March.
    2. Chris Hunt, 2004. "Interpreting clause 4(b) of the Policy Targets Agreement: avoiding unnecessary instability in output, interest rates and the exchange rate," Reserve Bank of New Zealand Bulletin, Reserve Bank of New Zealand, vol. 67, june.
    3. Ghosh, Atish R. & Ostry, Jonathan D. & Chamon, Marcos, 2016. "Two targets, two instruments: Monetary and exchange rate policies in emerging market economies," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 172-196.
    4. Willy Chetwin & Michael Reddell, 2012. "Monetary policy in the last business cycle: some perspectives," Reserve Bank of New Zealand Bulletin, Reserve Bank of New Zealand, vol. 75, pages 3-14, June.
    5. Ghosh, Atish R. & Ostry, Jonathan D. & Chamon, Marcos, 2016. "Two targets, two instruments: Monetary and exchange rate policies in emerging market economies," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 172-196.
    6. Chris Bloor & Chris Hunt & Tim Ng & Hamish Pepper, 2008. "The use of money and credit measures in contemporary monetary policy," Reserve Bank of New Zealand Bulletin, Reserve Bank of New Zealand, vol. 71, March.
    7. David Gillmore, 2008. "The costs of inflation – what have we learned?," Reserve Bank of New Zealand Bulletin, Reserve Bank of New Zealand, vol. 71, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Matteo Cacciatore & Fabio Ghironi & Stephen J. Turnovsky, 2015. "Inflation Targeting and Economic Reforms in New Zealand," International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking, vol. 11(4), pages 145-198, September.
    2. Michelle Lewis & C. John McDermott, 2016. "New Zealand's experience with changing its inflation target and the impact on inflation expectations," New Zealand Economic Papers, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(3), pages 343-361, September.
    3. Buckle, Robert A., 2018. "Thirty years of inflation targeting in New Zealand: The origins, evolution and influence of a monetary policy innovation," Working Paper Series 20927, Victoria University of Wellington, Chair in Public Finance.
    4. Dean Ford & Elizabeth Kendall & Adam Richardson, 2015. "Evaluating monetary policy," Reserve Bank of New Zealand Bulletin, Reserve Bank of New Zealand, vol. 78, pages 3-21, November.
    5. John McDermott & Rebecca Williams, 2018. "Inflation Targeting in New Zealand: An Experience in Evolution," RBA Annual Conference Volume (Discontinued), in: John Simon & Maxwell Sutton (ed.),Central Bank Frameworks: Evolution or Revolution?, Reserve Bank of Australia.
    6. Kaelo Mpho Ntwaepelo, 2021. "The Effects of Macroprudential and Monetary Policy Shocks in BRICS economies," Economics Discussion Papers em-dp2021-20, Department of Economics, University of Reading.
    7. Ashley Dunstan, 2014. "The interaction between monetary and macro-prudential policy," Reserve Bank of New Zealand Bulletin, Reserve Bank of New Zealand, vol. 77, pages 15-25, June.

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