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Skłonność gospodarstw domowych do oszczędzania a wiedza finansowa

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  • Aneta Kłopocka

    (Akademia Ekonomiczno-Humanistyczna w Warszawie)

Abstract

Z uwagi na wyzwania stojące przed procesami oszczędzania w Polsce oraz w rezultacie wnikliwej analizy literatury przedmiotu w artykule za cel przyjęto weryfikację hipotezy głównej: skłonność gospodarstw domowych do oszczędzania jest związana z poziomem wiedzy finansowej, oraz hipotez szczegółowych: H1. Postawy wobec zarządzania finansami gospodarstwa domowego są związane z poziomem wiedzy finansowej; H2. Postawy wobec dobrowolnego oszczędzania na cele emerytalne są związane z poziomem wiedzy finansowej; H3. Posiadanie oszczędności jest związane z poziomem wiedzy finansowej. Zastosowanie metody regresji logistycznej do danych empirycznych pozyskanych drogą wywiadu kwestionariuszowego (CAWI) w 1264 gospodarstwach domowych z województwa mazowieckiego pozwoliło na pozytywne zweryfikowanie wszystkich trzech hipotez szczegółowych. Tym samym możemy uznać za prawdziwą hipotezę główną. Zmiennymi objaśniającymi w modelach regresji logistycznej były: poziom wiedzy finansowej głowy gospodarstwa domowego w jej samoocenie oraz zmienne kontrolne (dochód, wykształcenie, płeć, stan cywilny, miejsce zamieszkania, wiek głowy gospodarstwa domowego, liczba osób w gospodarstwie domowym). Związek zmiennych kontrolnych ze skłonnością do oszczędzania jest zróżnicowany i zależny od rozpatrywanego aspektu skłonności do oszczędzania. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują, że poziom wiedzy finansowej jest silniejszym predyktorem postaw wobec oszczędzania niż wykształcenie. Potwierdza to potrzebę uwzględniania w badaniach zachowań gospodarstw domowych na rynku finansowym nie tylko poziomu wykształcenia, ale i stanu wiedzy finansowej. Uwzględniając wyzwania stojące przed procesami oszczędzania w Polsce, w świetle wyników badania należy stwierdzić, że podejmowanie działań edukacyjnych ukierunkowanych na ograniczanie niedostatków w zakresie wiedzy finansowej jest uzasadnione i zalecane.

Suggested Citation

  • Aneta Kłopocka, 2018. "Skłonność gospodarstw domowych do oszczędzania a wiedza finansowa," Bank i Kredyt, Narodowy Bank Polski, vol. 49(5), pages 461-492.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbp:nbpbik:v:49:y:2018:i:5:p:461-492
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    oszczędności gospodarstw domowych; emerytura; świadomość finansowa; edkacja finansowa;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D14 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Household Saving; Personal Finance
    • D91 - Microeconomics - - Micro-Based Behavioral Economics - - - Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on Decision Making

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