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Tunable long-distance spin transport in a crystalline antiferromagnetic iron oxide

Author

Listed:
  • R. Lebrun

    (Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz)

  • A. Ross

    (Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz
    Graduate School of Excellence Materials Science in Mainz)

  • S. A. Bender

    (Utrecht University)

  • A. Qaiumzadeh

    (Norwegian University of Science and Technology)

  • L. Baldrati

    (Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz)

  • J. Cramer

    (Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz
    Graduate School of Excellence Materials Science in Mainz)

  • A. Brataas

    (Norwegian University of Science and Technology)

  • R. A. Duine

    (Utrecht University
    Norwegian University of Science and Technology
    Eindhoven University of Technology)

  • M. Kläui

    (Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz
    Graduate School of Excellence Materials Science in Mainz
    Norwegian University of Science and Technology)

Abstract

Spintronics relies on the transport of spins, the intrinsic angular momentum of electrons, as an alternative to the transport of electron charge as in conventional electronics. The long-term goal of spintronics research is to develop spin-based, low-dissipation computing-technology devices. Recently, long-distance transport of a spin current was demonstrated across ferromagnetic insulators1. However, antiferromagnetically ordered materials, the most common class of magnetic materials, have several crucial advantages over ferromagnetic systems for spintronics applications2: antiferromagnets have no net magnetic moment, making them stable and impervious to external fields, and can be operated at terahertz-scale frequencies3. Although the properties of antiferromagnets are desirable for spin transport4–7, indirect observations of such transport indicate that spin transmission through antiferromagnets is limited to only a few nanometres8–10. Here we demonstrate long-distance propagation of spin currents through a single crystal of the antiferromagnetic insulator haematite (α-Fe2O3)11, the most common antiferromagnetic iron oxide, by exploiting the spin Hall effect for spin injection. We control the flow of spin current across a haematite–platinum interface—at which spins accumulate, generating the spin current—by tuning the antiferromagnetic resonance frequency using an external magnetic field12. We find that this simple antiferromagnetic insulator conveys spin information parallel to the antiferromagnetic Néel order over distances of more than tens of micrometres. This mechanism transports spins as efficiently as the most promising complex ferromagnets1. Our results pave the way to electrically tunable, ultrafast, low-power, antiferromagnetic-insulator-based spin-logic devices6,13 that operate without magnetic fields at room temperature.

Suggested Citation

  • R. Lebrun & A. Ross & S. A. Bender & A. Qaiumzadeh & L. Baldrati & J. Cramer & A. Brataas & R. A. Duine & M. Kläui, 2018. "Tunable long-distance spin transport in a crystalline antiferromagnetic iron oxide," Nature, Nature, vol. 561(7722), pages 222-225, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:561:y:2018:i:7722:d:10.1038_s41586-018-0490-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0490-7
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Dongsheng Yang & Taeheon Kim & Kyusup Lee & Chang Xu & Yakun Liu & Fei Wang & Shishun Zhao & Dushyant Kumar & Hyunsoo Yang, 2024. "Spin-orbit torque manipulation of sub-terahertz magnons in antiferromagnetic α-Fe2O3," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Farhan Nur Kholid & Dominik Hamara & Ahmad Faisal Bin Hamdan & Guillermo Nava Antonio & Richard Bowen & Dorothée Petit & Russell Cowburn & Roman V. Pisarev & Davide Bossini & Joseph Barker & Chiara Ci, 2023. "The importance of the interface for picosecond spin pumping in antiferromagnet-heavy metal heterostructures," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    3. Ruofan Li & Lauren J. Riddiford & Yahong Chai & Minyi Dai & Hai Zhong & Bo Li & Peng Li & Di Yi & Yuejie Zhang & David A. Broadway & Adrien E. E. Dubois & Patrick Maletinsky & Jiamian Hu & Yuri Suzuki, 2023. "A puzzling insensitivity of magnon spin diffusion to the presence of 180-degree domain walls," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.
    4. E. Rongione & O. Gueckstock & M. Mattern & O. Gomonay & H. Meer & C. Schmitt & R. Ramos & T. Kikkawa & M. Mičica & E. Saitoh & J. Sinova & H. Jaffrès & J. Mangeney & S. T. B. Goennenwein & S. Geprägs , 2023. "Emission of coherent THz magnons in an antiferromagnetic insulator triggered by ultrafast spin–phonon interactions," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    5. Yahong Chai & Yuhan Liang & Cancheng Xiao & Yue Wang & Bo Li & Dingsong Jiang & Pratap Pal & Yongjian Tang & Hetian Chen & Yuejie Zhang & Hao Bai & Teng Xu & Wanjun Jiang & Witold Skowroński & Qinghua, 2024. "Voltage control of multiferroic magnon torque for reconfigurable logic-in-memory," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    6. Shubhankar Das & A. Ross & X. X. Ma & S. Becker & C. Schmitt & F. Duijn & E. F. Galindez-Ruales & F. Fuhrmann & M.-A. Syskaki & U. Ebels & V. Baltz & A.-L. Barra & H. Y. Chen & G. Jakob & S. X. Cao & , 2022. "Anisotropic long-range spin transport in canted antiferromagnetic orthoferrite YFeO3," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    7. Shingo Kaneta-Takada & Miho Kitamura & Shoma Arai & Takuma Arai & Ryo Okano & Le Duc Anh & Tatsuro Endo & Koji Horiba & Hiroshi Kumigashira & Masaki Kobayashi & Munetoshi Seki & Hitoshi Tabata & Masaa, 2022. "Giant spin-to-charge conversion at an all-epitaxial single-crystal-oxide Rashba interface with a strongly correlated metal interlayer," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    8. Shannon C. Haley & Eran Maniv & Shan Wu & Tessa Cookmeyer & Susana Torres-Londono & Meera Aravinth & Nikola Maksimovic & Joel Moore & Robert J. Birgeneau & James G. Analytis, 2023. "Long-range, non-local switching of spin textures in a frustrated antiferromagnet," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-6, December.
    9. Freddie Hendriks & Rafael R. Rojas-Lopez & Bert Koopmans & Marcos H. D. Guimarães, 2024. "Electric control of optically-induced magnetization dynamics in a van der Waals ferromagnetic semiconductor," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    10. Yongjian Zhou & Liyang Liao & Tingwen Guo & Hua Bai & Mingkun Zhao & Caihua Wan & Lin Huang & Lei Han & Leilei Qiao & Yunfeng You & Chong Chen & Ruyi Chen & Zhiyuan Zhou & Xiufeng Han & Feng Pan & Che, 2022. "Orthogonal interlayer coupling in an all-antiferromagnetic junction," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.

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