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Origin and physiological roles of inflammation

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  • Ruslan Medzhitov

    (Yale University School of Medicine, TAC S-669)

Abstract

Inflammation underlies a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes. Although the pathological aspects of many types of inflammation are well appreciated, their physiological functions are mostly unknown. The classic instigators of inflammation — infection and tissue injury — are at one end of a large range of adverse conditions that induce inflammation, and they trigger the recruitment of leukocytes and plasma proteins to the affected tissue site. Tissue stress or malfunction similarly induces an adaptive response, which is referred to here as para-inflammation. This response relies mainly on tissue-resident macrophages and is intermediate between the basal homeostatic state and a classic inflammatory response. Para-inflammation is probably responsible for the chronic inflammatory conditions that are associated with modern human diseases.

Suggested Citation

  • Ruslan Medzhitov, 2008. "Origin and physiological roles of inflammation," Nature, Nature, vol. 454(7203), pages 428-435, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:454:y:2008:i:7203:d:10.1038_nature07201
    DOI: 10.1038/nature07201
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    1. Nathalia Prata Garcia & Layene Caetano Ireno & Marcello Pardi de Castro & Cristiane Tefé-Silva & Karina Furlani Zoccal & Mirella dos Santos Reis & Lúcia Helena Faccioli & Luiz Gustavo Gardinassi, 2020. "Antitumoral Effect of Lobelia Inflata in An Experimental Mouse Model of Melanoma," Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research, Biomedical Research Network+, LLC, vol. 25(1), pages 18856-18864, January.
    2. Ban-Hock Khor & Hui-Ci Tiong & Shing Cheng Tan & Sok Kuan Wong & Kok-Yong Chin & Tilakavati Karupaiah & Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana & Abdul Halim Abdul Gafor, 2021. "Effects of tocotrienols supplementation on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(7), pages 1-20, July.
    3. Eva Hernandez-Garcia & Evangelia Chrysikou & Anastasia Z. Kalea, 2021. "The Interplay between Housing Environmental Attributes and Design Exposures and Psychoneuroimmunology Profile—An Exploratory Review and Analysis Paper in the Cancer Survivors’ Mental Health Morbidity ," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-32, October.
    4. Mouna Achoui & David Appleton & Mahmood Ameen Abdulla & Khalijah Awang & Mustafa Ali Mohd & Mohd Rais Mustafa, 2010. "In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of 17-O-Acetylacuminolide through the Inhibition of Cytokines, NF-κB Translocation and IKKβ Activity," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 5(12), pages 1-13, December.
    5. Dokyeong Kim & Kyung-Hee Kang, 2022. "Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Bacterial Potential of Mulberry Leaf Extract on Oral Microorganisms," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-10, April.
    6. Mona Elbarbary & Trenton Honda & Geoffrey Morgan & Yuming Guo & Yanfei Guo & Paul Kowal & Joel Negin, 2020. "Ambient Air Pollution Exposure Association with Anaemia Prevalence and Haemoglobin Levels in Chinese Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-15, May.
    7. Agnieszka Jaworowska & Aliza Murtaza, 2022. "Seaweed Derived Lipids Are a Potential Anti-Inflammatory Agent: A Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-24, December.
    8. Snezna Sodin-Semrl & Katja Lakota & Jean Dubuisson & Bridget Ellul & Antony Fenech & José Joaquín Ceron Madrigal & Gerhard Thallinger & Mauro Perretti & Fulvio d’Acquisto & John Raynes & Francisco Rom, 2011. "CODI-STRAT – An Interdisciplinary Network Geared towards Sustainable Management of Chronic and Infective Diseases," MIC 2011: Managing Sustainability? Proceedings of the 12th International Conference, Portorož, 23–26 November 2011 [Selected Papers],, University of Primorska, Faculty of Management Koper.
    9. Lewis Taylor & Maximillian Hugo Brodermann & David McCaffary & Asif Jilani Iqbal & David R Greaves, 2016. "Netrin-1 Reduces Monocyte and Macrophage Chemotaxis towards the Complement Component C5a," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(8), pages 1-22, August.

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