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Runaway risk of forming toxic compounds

Author

Listed:
  • Amer Hammami

    (Laboratoire International sur Les Matériaux Electro-actifs CNRS-UdM, UMR 2289, Université de Montréal)

  • Nathalie Raymond

    (Laboratoire International sur Les Matériaux Electro-actifs CNRS-UdM, UMR 2289, Université de Montréal)

  • Michel Armand

    (Laboratoire International sur Les Matériaux Electro-actifs CNRS-UdM, UMR 2289, Université de Montréal)

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries are stabilized by an ultrathin protective film that is 10–50 nanometres thick and coats both electrodes. Here we artifically simulate the 'thermal-runaway' conditions that would arise should this coating be destroyed, which could happen in a battery large enough to overheat beyond 80 °C. We find that under these conditions the reaction of the battery electrolyte with the material of the unprotected positive electrode results in the formation of toxic fluoro-organic compounds. Although not a concern for the small units used in today's portable devices, this unexpected chemical hazard should be taken into account as larger and larger lithium-ion batteries are developed, for example for incorporation into electric-powered vehicles.

Suggested Citation

  • Amer Hammami & Nathalie Raymond & Michel Armand, 2003. "Runaway risk of forming toxic compounds," Nature, Nature, vol. 424(6949), pages 635-636, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:424:y:2003:i:6949:d:10.1038_424635b
    DOI: 10.1038/424635b
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    Cited by:

    1. Miao Bai & Xiaoyu Tang & Min Zhang & Helin Wang & Zhiqiao Wang & Ahu Shao & Yue Ma, 2024. "An in-situ polymerization strategy for gel polymer electrolyte Si||Ni-rich lithium-ion batteries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, December.
    2. Lingxi Kong & Chuan Li & Jiuchun Jiang & Michael G. Pecht, 2018. "Li-Ion Battery Fire Hazards and Safety Strategies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-11, August.
    3. Man Chen & Qiujuan Sun & Yongqi Li & Ke Wu & Bangjin Liu & Peng Peng & Qingsong Wang, 2015. "A Thermal Runaway Simulation on a Lithium Titanate Battery and the Battery Module," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-11, January.
    4. Yetik, Ozge & Karakoc, Tahir Hikmet, 2020. "A numerical study on the thermal performance of prismatic li-ion batteries for hibrid electric aircraft," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    5. Van-Tinh Huynh & Kyoungsik Chang & Sang-Wook Lee, 2021. "One-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Numerical Investigations of Thermal Performance of Phase Change Materials in a Lithium-Ion Battery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-18, December.
    6. Thomas Imre Cyrille Buidin & Florin Mariasiu, 2021. "Battery Thermal Management Systems: Current Status and Design Approach of Cooling Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-32, August.
    7. Liu, Binghe & Yin, Sha & Xu, Jun, 2016. "Integrated computation model of lithium-ion battery subject to nail penetration," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 278-289.
    8. Julian Marius Müller & Raphael Kunderer, 2019. "Ex-Ante Prediction of Disruptive Innovation: The Case of Battery Technologies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-19, September.

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