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Efficient and Secure Measure-Resend Authenticated Semi-Quantum Key Distribution Protocol against Reflecting Attack

Author

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  • Hung-Wen Wang

    (Master Program for Digital Health Innovation, College of Humanities and Sciences, China Medical University, No. 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd., Beitun District, Taichung 406040, Taiwan)

  • Chia-Wei Tsai

    (Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taitung University, No. 369, Sec. 2, University Rd., Taitung 95092, Taiwan)

  • Jason Lin

    (Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South District, Taichung 40227, Taiwan)

  • Yu-Yun Huang

    (Master Program for Digital Health Innovation, College of Humanities and Sciences, China Medical University, No. 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd., Beitun District, Taichung 406040, Taiwan)

  • Chun-Wei Yang

    (Master Program for Digital Health Innovation, College of Humanities and Sciences, China Medical University, No. 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd., Beitun District, Taichung 406040, Taiwan)

Abstract

In 2021, Chang et al. proposed an authenticated semi-quantum key-distribution (ASQKD) protocol using single photons and an authenticated channel. However, an eavesdropper can launch a reflective attack to forge the receiver’s identity without being detected. In addition, Chang et al.’s ASQKD protocol assumes an authenticated classical channel between the sender and the receiver. It is considered illogical to have an authenticated channel in the ASQKD protocol. If these security issues are not addressed, the ASQKD protocol will fail to deliver the secret key. Therefore, this study proposes an efficient and secure ASQKD protocol to circumvent these problems using only single photons. Security analysis proves that the proposed ASQKD protocol can effectively avoid reflecting attacks, collective attacks, and other typical attacks. Compared with the existing ASQKD protocols, this study has the following advantages: based on a single photon, it demands less advanced quantum devices, the communication efficiency is higher than most protocols, it reduces the length of the required pre-shared keys, endures reflecting attacks, collective attacks, and there is no need for the classical channel.

Suggested Citation

  • Hung-Wen Wang & Chia-Wei Tsai & Jason Lin & Yu-Yun Huang & Chun-Wei Yang, 2022. "Efficient and Secure Measure-Resend Authenticated Semi-Quantum Key Distribution Protocol against Reflecting Attack," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:10:y:2022:i:8:p:1241-:d:790559
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Frédéric Grosshans & Gilles Van Assche & Jérôme Wenger & Rosa Brouri & Nicolas J. Cerf & Philippe Grangier, 2003. "Quantum key distribution using gaussian-modulated coherent states," Nature, Nature, vol. 421(6920), pages 238-241, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Saeed Haddadi & Maryam Hadipour & Soroush Haseli & Atta Ur Rahman & Artur Czerwinski, 2023. "Quantum Advantages of Teleportation and Dense Coding Protocols in an Open System," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-14, March.
    2. Chun-Wei Yang & Hung-Wen Wang & Jason Lin & Chia-Wei Tsai, 2023. "Semi-Quantum Identification without Information Leakage," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-14, January.
    3. Artur Czerwinski, 2022. "Quantum Communication with Polarization-Encoded Qubits under Majorization Monotone Dynamics," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(21), pages 1-17, October.

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