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Highly efficient phosphorescent emission from organic electroluminescent devices

Author

Listed:
  • M. A. Baldo

    (Center for Photonics and Optoelectronic Materials, Princeton University)

  • D. F. O'Brien

    (Center for Photonics and Optoelectronic Materials, Princeton University)

  • Y. You

    (University of Southern California)

  • A. Shoustikov

    (University of Southern California)

  • S. Sibley

    (University of Southern California
    Goucher College)

  • M. E. Thompson

    (University of Southern California)

  • S. R. Forrest

    (Center for Photonics and Optoelectronic Materials, Princeton University)

Abstract

The efficiency of electroluminescent organic light-emitting devices1,2 can be improved by the introduction3 of a fluorescent dye. Energy transfer from the host to the dye occurs via excitons, but only the singlet spin states induce fluorescent emission; these represent a small fraction (about 25%) of the total excited-state population (the remainder are triplet states). Phosphorescent dyes, however, offer a means of achieving improved light-emission efficiencies, as emission may result from both singlet and triplet states. Here we report high-efficiency (≳90%) energy transfer from both singlet and triplet states, in a host material doped with the phosphorescent dye 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethyl-21H,23H-porphine platinum(II) (PtOEP). Our doped electroluminescent devices generate saturated red emission with peak external and internal quantum efficiencies of 4% and 23%, respectively. The luminescent efficiencies attainable with phosphorescent dyes may lead to new applications for organic materials. Moreover, our work establishes the utility of PtOEP as a probe of triplet behaviour and energy transfer in organic solid-state systems.

Suggested Citation

  • M. A. Baldo & D. F. O'Brien & Y. You & A. Shoustikov & S. Sibley & M. E. Thompson & S. R. Forrest, 1998. "Highly efficient phosphorescent emission from organic electroluminescent devices," Nature, Nature, vol. 395(6698), pages 151-154, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:395:y:1998:i:6698:d:10.1038_25954
    DOI: 10.1038/25954
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    1. Guoyun Meng & Hengyi Dai & Qi Wang & Jianping Zhou & Tianjiao Fan & Xuan Zeng & Xiang Wang & Yuewei Zhang & Dezhi Yang & Dongge Ma & Dongdong Zhang & Lian Duan, 2023. "High-efficiency and stable short-delayed fluorescence emitters with hybrid long- and short-range charge-transfer excitations," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    2. Xiaokang Yao & Yuxin Li & Huifang Shi & Ze Yu & Beishen Wu & Zixing Zhou & Chifeng Zhou & Xifang Zheng & Mengting Tang & Xiao Wang & Huili Ma & Zhengong Meng & Wei Huang & Zhongfu An, 2024. "Narrowband room temperature phosphorescence of closed-loop molecules through the multiple resonance effect," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    3. Christian Hintze & Tobias O Morgen & Malte Drescher, 2017. "Heavy-atom effect on optically excited triplet state kinetics," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(11), pages 1-13, November.
    4. Yusuke Kawashima & Tomoyuki Hamachi & Akio Yamauchi & Koki Nishimura & Yuma Nakashima & Saiya Fujiwara & Nobuo Kimizuka & Tomohiro Ryu & Tetsu Tamura & Masaki Saigo & Ken Onda & Shunsuke Sato & Yasuhi, 2023. "Singlet fission as a polarized spin generator for dynamic nuclear polarization," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-12, December.
    5. Pode, Ramchandra, 2020. "Organic light emitting diode devices: An energy efficient solid state lighting for applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    6. Nan Zhang & Lei Qu & Shuheng Dai & Guohua Xie & Chunmiao Han & Jing Zhang & Ran Huo & Huan Hu & Qiushui Chen & Wei Huang & Hui Xu, 2023. "Intramolecular charge transfer enables highly-efficient X-ray luminescence in cluster scintillators," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    7. Shun Kondo & Mana Kameyama & Kentaro Imaoka & Yoko Shimoi & Fabrice Mathevet & Takashi Fujihara & Hiroshi Goto & Hajime Nakanotani & Masayuki Yahiro & Chihaya Adachi, 2024. "Organic thermoelectric device utilizing charge transfer interface as the charge generation by harvesting thermal energy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    8. Jaewook Kim & Joonghyuk Kim & Yongjun Kim & Youngmok Son & Youngsik Shin & Hye Jin Bae & Ji Whan Kim & Sungho Nam & Yongsik Jung & Hyeonsu Kim & Sungwoo Kang & Yoonsoo Jung & Kyunghoon Lee & Hyeonho C, 2023. "Critical role of electrons in the short lifetime of blue OLEDs," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    9. Yan Fu & Hao Liu & Ben Zhong Tang & Zujin Zhao, 2023. "Realizing efficient blue and deep-blue delayed fluorescence materials with record-beating electroluminescence efficiencies of 43.4%," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-12, December.
    10. Xiao Tan & Dehai Dou & Lay-Lay Chua & Rui-Qi Png & Daniel G. Congrave & Hugo Bronstein & Martin Baumgarten & Yungui Li & Paul W. M. Blom & Gert-Jan A. H. Wetzelaer, 2024. "Inverted device architecture for high efficiency single-layer organic light-emitting diodes with imbalanced charge transport," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-7, December.

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