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Earthquakes and friction laws

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  • Christopher H. Scholz

    (Columbia University)

Abstract

Earthquakes have long been recognized as resulting from a stick–slip frictional instability. The development of a full constitutive law for rock friction now shows that the gamut of earthquake phenomena—seismogenesis and seismic coupling, pre- and post-seismic phenomena, and the insensitivity of earthquakes to stress transients—all appear as manifestations of the richness of this friction law.

Suggested Citation

  • Christopher H. Scholz, 1998. "Earthquakes and friction laws," Nature, Nature, vol. 391(6662), pages 37-42, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:391:y:1998:i:6662:d:10.1038_34097
    DOI: 10.1038/34097
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Bahman Bohloli & Magnus Soldal & Halvard Smith & Elin Skurtveit & Jung Chan Choi & Guillaume Sauvin, 2020. "Frictional Properties and Seismogenic Potential of Caprock Shales," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-19, November.
    2. Cunpeng Du & Haitao Yin & Shengwen Yu & Le Yang & Yuan Jia, 2023. "Effects of the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake on the Locking Characteristics and Seismic Risk of the Yishu Fault Zone in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-20, February.
    3. Pelap, F.B. & Kagho, L.Y. & Fogang, C.F., 2016. "Chaotic behavior of earthquakes induced by a nonlinear magma up flow," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 71-83.
    4. Frédéric Cappa & Yves Guglielmi & Louis Barros, 2022. "Transient evolution of permeability and friction in a slowly slipping fault activated by fluid pressurization," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    5. Gaucher, Emmanuel & Schoenball, Martin & Heidbach, Oliver & Zang, Arno & Fokker, Peter A. & van Wees, Jan-Diederik & Kohl, Thomas, 2015. "Induced seismicity in geothermal reservoirs: A review of forecasting approaches," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1473-1490.
    6. Hongyu Sun & Matej Pec, 2021. "Nanometric flow and earthquake instability," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-9, December.
    7. Stuart Fraser & William Power & Xiaoming Wang & Laura Wallace & Christof Mueller & David Johnston, 2014. "Tsunami inundation in Napier, New Zealand, due to local earthquake sources," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 70(1), pages 415-445, January.
    8. Caishan Yan & Hsuan-Yi Chen & Pik-Yin Lai & Penger Tong, 2023. "Statistical laws of stick-slip friction at mesoscale," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    9. Elisenda Bakker & John Kaszuba & Sabine den Hartog & Suzanne Hangx, 2019. "Chemo‐mechanical behavior of clay‐rich fault gouges affected by CO2‐brine‐rock interactions," Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 9(1), pages 19-36, February.
    10. Shoubiao Zhu, 2013. "Numerical simulation of dynamic mechanisms of the 2008 Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake: implications for earthquake prediction," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 69(2), pages 1261-1279, November.
    11. Kostić, Srđan & Vasović, Nebojša & Todorović, Kristina & Franović, Igor, 2018. "Nonlinear dynamics behind the seismic cycle: One-dimensional phenomenological modeling," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 310-316.
    12. Nkomom, Théodule Nkoa & Ndzana, Fabien II & Okaly, Joseph Brizar & Mvogo, Alain, 2021. "Dynamics of nonlinear waves in a Burridge and Knopoff model for earthquake with long-range interactions, velocity-dependent and hydrodynamics friction forces," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    13. Mahendra Samaroo & Rick Chalaturnyk & Maurice Dusseault & Judy F. Chow & Hans Custers, 2022. "Assessment of the Brittle–Ductile State of Major Injection and Confining Formations in the Alberta Basin," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-23, September.
    14. Sandro Andrés & David Santillán & Juan Carlos Mosquera & Luis Cueto-Felgueroso, 2019. "Thermo-Poroelastic Analysis of Induced Seismicity at the Basel Enhanced Geothermal System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(24), pages 1-18, December.
    15. Nkomom, Théodule Nkoa & Okaly, Joseph Brizar & Mvogo, Alain, 2021. "Dynamics of modulated waves and localized energy in a Burridge and Knopoff model of earthquake with velocity-dependant and hydrodynamics friction forces," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 583(C).
    16. Wei Feng & Lu Yao & Chiara Cornelio & Rodrigo Gomila & Shengli Ma & Chaoqun Yang & Luigi Germinario & Claudio Mazzoli & Giulio Di Toro, 2023. "Physical state of water controls friction of gabbro-built faults," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    17. Songlin Shi & Meng Wang & Yonatan Poles & Jay Fineberg, 2023. "How frictional slip evolves," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    18. R. Tiwari & Ashutosh Chamoli, 2015. "Is tidal forcing critical to trigger large Sumatra earthquakes?," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 77(1), pages 65-74, May.
    19. Philippe Danré & Louis Barros & Frédéric Cappa & Luigi Passarelli, 2024. "Parallel dynamics of slow slips and fluid-induced seismic swarms," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    20. D.Sornette & J.V. Andersen & A. Helmstetter & S.Gluzman & J.R.Grasso & V. Pisarenko, 2003. "Slider-Block Friction Model for Landslides: Application to Vaiont and Laclapière Landslides," THEMA Working Papers 2003-33, THEMA (THéorie Economique, Modélisation et Applications), Université de Cergy-Pontoise.

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