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High rate and stable cycling of lithium metal anode

Author

Listed:
  • Jiangfeng Qian

    (Joint Center for Energy Storage Research
    Energy & Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)

  • Wesley A. Henderson

    (Joint Center for Energy Storage Research
    Energy & Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)

  • Wu Xu

    (Joint Center for Energy Storage Research
    Energy & Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)

  • Priyanka Bhattacharya

    (Energy & Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)

  • Mark Engelhard

    (Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)

  • Oleg Borodin

    (Electrochemistry Branch, Sensor & Electron Devices Directorate, U.S. Army Research Laboratory)

  • Ji-Guang Zhang

    (Joint Center for Energy Storage Research
    Energy & Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)

Abstract

Lithium metal is an ideal battery anode. However, dendrite growth and limited Coulombic efficiency during cycling have prevented its practical application in rechargeable batteries. Herein, we report that the use of highly concentrated electrolytes composed of ether solvents and the lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide salt enables the high-rate cycling of a lithium metal anode at high Coulombic efficiency (up to 99.1%) without dendrite growth. With 4 M lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide in 1,2-dimethoxyethane as the electrolyte, a lithium|lithium cell can be cycled at 10 mA cm−2 for more than 6,000 cycles, and a copper|lithium cell can be cycled at 4 mA cm−2 for more than 1,000 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency of 98.4%. These excellent performances can be attributed to the increased solvent coordination and increased availability of lithium ion concentration in the electrolyte. Further development of this electrolyte may enable practical applications for lithium metal anode in rechargeable batteries.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiangfeng Qian & Wesley A. Henderson & Wu Xu & Priyanka Bhattacharya & Mark Engelhard & Oleg Borodin & Ji-Guang Zhang, 2015. "High rate and stable cycling of lithium metal anode," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-9, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:6:y:2015:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms7362
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7362
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    1. Zhixin Xu & Xiyue Zhang & Jun Yang & Xuzixu Cui & Yanna Nuli & Jiulin Wang, 2024. "High-voltage and intrinsically safe electrolytes for Li metal batteries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Minsung Baek & Jinyoung Kim & Kwanghoon Jeong & Seonmo Yang & Heejin Kim & Jimin Lee & Minkwan Kim & Ki Jae Kim & Jang Wook Choi, 2023. "Naked metallic skin for homo-epitaxial deposition in lithium metal batteries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
    3. Shuoqing Zhang & Ruhong Li & Nan Hu & Tao Deng & Suting Weng & Zunchun Wu & Di Lu & Haikuo Zhang & Junbo Zhang & Xuefeng Wang & Lixin Chen & Liwu Fan & Xiulin Fan, 2022. "Tackling realistic Li+ flux for high-energy lithium metal batteries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    4. Felipe Cerdas & Paul Titscher & Nicolas Bognar & Richard Schmuch & Martin Winter & Arno Kwade & Christoph Herrmann, 2018. "Exploring the Effect of Increased Energy Density on the Environmental Impacts of Traction Batteries: A Comparison of Energy Optimized Lithium-Ion and Lithium-Sulfur Batteries for Mobility Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-20, January.
    5. Zhi Chang & Huijun Yang & Xingyu Zhu & Ping He & Haoshen Zhou, 2022. "A stable quasi-solid electrolyte improves the safe operation of highly efficient lithium-metal pouch cells in harsh environments," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    6. Yan Zhao & Tianhong Zhou & Timur Ashirov & Mario El Kazzi & Claudia Cancellieri & Lars P. H. Jeurgens & Jang Wook Choi & Ali Coskun, 2022. "Fluorinated ether electrolyte with controlled solvation structure for high voltage lithium metal batteries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    7. Hyeokjin Kwon & Hyun-Ji Choi & Jung-kyu Jang & Jinhong Lee & Jinkwan Jung & Wonjun Lee & Youngil Roh & Jaewon Baek & Dong Jae Shin & Ju-Hyuk Lee & Nam-Soon Choi & Ying Shirley Meng & Hee-Tak Kim, 2023. "Weakly coordinated Li ion in single-ion-conductor-based composite enabling low electrolyte content Li-metal batteries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
    8. Yan Zhao & Tianhong Zhou & Mounir Mensi & Jang Wook Choi & Ali Coskun, 2023. "Electrolyte engineering via ether solvent fluorination for developing stable non-aqueous lithium metal batteries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    9. Sewon Kim & Ju-Sik Kim & Lincoln Miara & Yan Wang & Sung-Kyun Jung & Seong Yong Park & Zhen Song & Hyungsub Kim & Michael Badding & JaeMyung Chang & Victor Roev & Gabin Yoon & Ryounghee Kim & Jung-Hwa, 2022. "High-energy and durable lithium metal batteries using garnet-type solid electrolytes with tailored lithium-metal compatibility," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    10. Paul Maldonado Nogales & Hee-Youb Song & Mun-Hui Jo & Soon-Ki Jeong, 2022. "Improvement in the Electrochemical Properties of Lithium Metal by Heat Treatment: Changes in the Chemical Composition of Native and Solid Electrolyte Interphase Films," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-9, February.
    11. Ziyang Lu & Huijun Yang & Jianming Sun & Jun Okagaki & Yoongkee Choe & Eunjoo Yoo, 2024. "Conformational isomerism breaks the electrolyte solubility limit and stabilizes 4.9 V Ni-rich layered cathodes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    12. Ai-Min Li & Zeyi Wang & Travis P. Pollard & Weiran Zhang & Sha Tan & Tianyu Li & Chamithri Jayawardana & Sz-Chian Liou & Jiancun Rao & Brett L. Lucht & Enyuan Hu & Xiao-Qing Yang & Oleg Borodin & Chun, 2024. "High voltage electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries with micro-sized silicon anodes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, December.
    13. Zheng Li & Harsha Rao & Rasha Atwi & Bhuvaneswari M. Sivakumar & Bharat Gwalani & Scott Gray & Kee Sung Han & Thomas A. Everett & Tanvi A. Ajantiwalay & Vijayakumar Murugesan & Nav Nidhi Rajput & Vila, 2023. "Non-polar ether-based electrolyte solutions for stable high-voltage non-aqueous lithium metal batteries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
    14. Byong-June Lee & Chen Zhao & Jeong-Hoon Yu & Tong-Hyun Kang & Hyean-Yeol Park & Joonhee Kang & Yongju Jung & Xiang Liu & Tianyi Li & Wenqian Xu & Xiao-Bing Zuo & Gui-Liang Xu & Khalil Amine & Jong-Sun, 2022. "Development of high-energy non-aqueous lithium-sulfur batteries via redox-active interlayer strategy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
    15. Hyeokjin Kwon & Hongsin Kim & Jaemin Hwang & Wonsik Oh & Youngil Roh & Dongseok Shin & Hee-Tak Kim, 2024. "Borate–pyran lean electrolyte-based Li-metal batteries with minimal Li corrosion," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 57-69, January.
    16. Xiaozhe Zhang & Pan Xu & Jianing Duan & Xiaodong Lin & Juanjuan Sun & Wenjie Shi & Hewei Xu & Wenjie Dou & Qingyi Zheng & Ruming Yuan & Jiande Wang & Yan Zhang & Shanshan Yu & Zehan Chen & Mingsen Zhe, 2024. "A dicarbonate solvent electrolyte for high performance 5 V-Class Lithium-based batteries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-18, December.

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