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The degradation mechanism of multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials

Author

Listed:
  • Byung Hak Jhun

    (Yonsei University)

  • Yerin Park

    (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
    Institute for Basic Science (IBS))

  • Hwang Suk Kim

    (Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd)

  • Ji Hye Baek

    (Yonsei University)

  • Joonghyuk Kim

    (Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd)

  • Eunji Lee

    (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
    Institute for Basic Science (IBS))

  • Hyejin Moon

    (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
    Institute for Basic Science (IBS))

  • Changjin Oh

    (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
    Institute for Basic Science (IBS))

  • Yongsik Jung

    (Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd)

  • Seunghee Choi

    (Ewha Womans University)

  • Mu-Hyun Baik

    (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
    Institute for Basic Science (IBS))

  • Youngmin You

    (Yonsei University)

Abstract

1,4-Azaborine-based arenes are promising electroluminescent emitters with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), offering narrow emission spectra and high quantum yields due to a multi-resonance (MR) effect. However, their practical application is constrained by their limited operational stability. This study investigates the degradation mechanism of MR-TADF molecules. Electroluminescent devices incorporating these compounds display varied operational lifetimes, uncorrelated with excitonic stability or external quantum efficiency roll-off. Bulk electrolysis reveals significant instability in the radical cationic forms of MR-TADF compounds, with device lifetime linked to the Faradaic yield of oxidation. Comprehensive chemical analyses corroborate that the degradation byproducts originated from intramolecular cyclization of radical cation, followed by hydrogen atom transfer. The mechanism is further supported by enhanced stability observed in a deuterated MR-TADF emitter, attributed to a secondary kinetic isotope effect. These findings provide insights into the stabilizing effects of deuteration and mechanism-driven strategies for designing MR-TADF compounds with improved operational longevity.

Suggested Citation

  • Byung Hak Jhun & Yerin Park & Hwang Suk Kim & Ji Hye Baek & Joonghyuk Kim & Eunji Lee & Hyejin Moon & Changjin Oh & Yongsik Jung & Seunghee Choi & Mu-Hyun Baik & Youngmin You, 2025. "The degradation mechanism of multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-55620-0
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-55620-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Anton Pershin & David Hall & Vincent Lemaur & Juan-Carlos Sancho-Garcia & Luca Muccioli & Eli Zysman-Colman & David Beljonne & Yoann Olivier, 2019. "Highly emissive excitons with reduced exchange energy in thermally activated delayed fluorescent molecules," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-5, December.
    2. Sinyeong Jung & Wai-Lung Cheung & Si-jie Li & Min Wang & Wansi Li & Cangyu Wang & Xiaoge Song & Guodan Wei & Qinghua Song & Season Si Chen & Wanqing Cai & Maggie Ng & Wai Kit Tang & Man-Chung Tang, 2023. "Author Correction: Enhancing operational stability of OLEDs based on subatomic modified thermally activated delayed fluorescence compounds," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-1, December.
    3. Sinyeong Jung & Wai-Lung Cheung & Si-jie Li & Min Wang & Wansi Li & Cangyu Wang & Xiaoge Song & Guodan Wei & Qinghua Song & Season Si Chen & Wanqing Cai & Maggie Ng & Wai Kit Tang & Man-Chung Tang, 2023. "Enhancing operational stability of OLEDs based on subatomic modified thermally activated delayed fluorescence compounds," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-12, December.
    4. Qing-Yu Meng & Rui Wang & Yi-Lei Wang & Xing-Wei Guo & Yu-Qi Liu & Xue-Liang Wen & Cheng-Yu Yao & Juan Qiao, 2023. "Longevity gene responsible for robust blue organic materials employing thermally activated delayed fluorescence," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
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