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Supercritical mechano-exfoliation process

Author

Listed:
  • Hao Zhang

    (800 Dong Chuan Road)

  • Qixuan Xiang

    (800 Dong Chuan Road)

  • Zhiyuan Liu

    (800 Dong Chuan Road)

  • Xianglong Zhang

    (800 Dong Chuan Road)

  • Yaping Zhao

    (800 Dong Chuan Road)

  • Huijun Tan

    (800 Dong Chuan Road)

Abstract

The intricate balance among cost, output, and quality has substantially hindered the practical application of graphene within the downstream industry chain. Here we present a scalable and green supercritical CO2-assisted mechano-exfoliation (SCME) process that omits the use of organic solvents and oxidants throughout the production lifecycle, including exfoliation, separation, and purification. The SCME process achieves graphene powder space-time yields exceeding 40 kg/(m³·day) at laboratory (0.06–0.2 kg) and pilot scales ( > 4 kg), with resultant free-standing films showing conductivities up to 5.26 × 10⁵ S/m. Further kinetic investigations propose general guidelines for grinding-assisted exfoliation: (1) the macroscopic optimizing ability of mechanotechnics for mass transfer frequency and stress distribution and (2) the microscopic multiplication ability of exfoliation medium for shear-delamination. The comprehensive techno-economic analysis also underscores the economic viability of the SCME process for large-scale production.

Suggested Citation

  • Hao Zhang & Qixuan Xiang & Zhiyuan Liu & Xianglong Zhang & Yaping Zhao & Huijun Tan, 2024. "Supercritical mechano-exfoliation process," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-53810-4
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53810-4
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    2. Jinseon Kim & Sanghyuk Kwon & Dae-Hyun Cho & Byunggil Kang & Hyukjoon Kwon & Youngchan Kim & Sung O. Park & Gwan Yeong Jung & Eunhye Shin & Wan-Gu Kim & Hyungdong Lee & Gyeong Hee Ryu & Minseok Choi &, 2015. "Direct exfoliation and dispersion of two-dimensional materials in pure water via temperature control," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-9, November.
    3. Zhuyuan Wang & Xue Yan & Qinfu Hou & Yue Liu & Xiangkang Zeng & Yuan Kang & Wang Zhao & Xuefeng Li & Shi Yuan & Ruosang Qiu & Md Hemayet Uddin & Ruoxin Wang & Yun Xia & Meipeng Jian & Yan Kang & Li Ga, 2023. "Scalable high yield exfoliation for monolayer nanosheets," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    4. Bingqing Cheng & Guglielmo Mazzola & Chris J. Pickard & Michele Ceriotti, 2020. "Evidence for supercritical behaviour of high-pressure liquid hydrogen," Nature, Nature, vol. 585(7824), pages 217-220, September.
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