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Room temperature catalytic upgrading of unpurified lignin depolymerization oil into bisphenols and butene-2

Author

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  • Elena Subbotina

    (225 Prospect St
    Teknikringen 56
    370 Prospect St)

  • Layra Rodrigues Souza

    (370 Prospect St)

  • Julie Zimmerman

    (370 Prospect St
    17 Hillhouse Ave
    195 Prospect St)

  • Paul Anastas

    (225 Prospect St
    370 Prospect St
    17 Hillhouse Ave
    195 Prospect St)

Abstract

Lignin is the largest source of renewable aromatics on earth. Despite numerous techniques for lignin depolymerization into mixtures of valuable monomers, methods for their upgrading into final products are scarce. The state of the art upgrading methods generally rely on catalytic funneling, requiring high temperatures, catalyst loadings and hydrogen pressure, and lead to the loss of functionality and bio-based carbon content. Here an alternative approach is presented, whereby the target monomers are selectively converted in unpurified mixtures into easily separable final products under mild conditions. We use reductive catalytic fractionation of wood to convert lignin into iso-eugenol and propenyl syringol enriched oil followed by an olefin metathesis to yield bisphenols and butene-2, thus, valorizing all bio-based carbons. To further demonstrate the synthetic utility of the obtained bisphenols we converted them into polyesters with a high glass transition temperature (Tg = 140.3 °C) and thermal stability (Td50% = 330 °C).

Suggested Citation

  • Elena Subbotina & Layra Rodrigues Souza & Julie Zimmerman & Paul Anastas, 2024. "Room temperature catalytic upgrading of unpurified lignin depolymerization oil into bisphenols and butene-2," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-49812-x
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49812-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Laura Trullemans & Steven-Friso Koelewijn & Imke Boonen & Elias Cooreman & Tessy Hendrickx & Gert Preegel & Joost Aelst & Hilda Witters & Marc Elskens & Peter Puyvelde & Michiel Dusselier & Bert F. Se, 2023. "Renewable and safer bisphenol A substitutes enabled by selective zeolite alkylation," Nature Sustainability, Nature, vol. 6(12), pages 1693-1704, December.
    2. Xianyuan Wu & Maxim V. Galkin & Tobias Stern & Zhuohua Sun & Katalin Barta, 2022. "Fully lignocellulose-based PET analogues for the circular economy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    3. Alireza Rahimi & Arne Ulbrich & Joshua J. Coon & Shannon S. Stahl, 2014. "Formic-acid-induced depolymerization of oxidized lignin to aromatics," Nature, Nature, vol. 515(7526), pages 249-252, November.
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