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Consecutive multimaterial printing of biomimetic ionic hydrogel power sources with high flexibility and stretchability

Author

Listed:
  • Pei He

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University
    Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Junyu Yue

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University
    Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Zhennan Qiu

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University
    Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Zijie Meng

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University
    Xi’an Jiaotong University
    Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Jiankang He

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University
    Xi’an Jiaotong University)

  • Dichen Li

    (Xi’an Jiaotong University
    Xi’an Jiaotong University)

Abstract

Electric eel is an excellent example to harness ion-concentration gradients for sustainable power generation. However, current strategies to create electric-eel-inspired power sources commonly involve manual stacking of multiple salinity-gradient power source units, resulting in low efficiency, unstable contact, and poor flexibility. Here we propose a consecutive multimaterial printing strategy to efficiently fabricate biomimetic ionic hydrogel power sources with a maximum stretchability of 137%. The consecutively-printed ionic hydrogel power source filaments showed seamless bonding interface and can maintain stable voltage outputs for 1000 stretching cycles at 100% strain. With arrayed multi-channel printhead, power sources with a maximum voltage of 208 V can be automatically printed and assembled in parallel within 30 min. The as-printed flexible power source filaments can be woven into a wristband to power a digital wristwatch. The presented strategy provides a tool to efficiently produce electric-eel-inspired ionic hydrogel power sources with great stretchability for various flexible power source applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Pei He & Junyu Yue & Zhennan Qiu & Zijie Meng & Jiankang He & Dichen Li, 2024. "Consecutive multimaterial printing of biomimetic ionic hydrogel power sources with high flexibility and stretchability," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-49469-6
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49469-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mark A. Skylar-Scott & Jochen Mueller & Claas W. Visser & Jennifer A. Lewis, 2019. "Voxelated soft matter via multimaterial multinozzle 3D printing," Nature, Nature, vol. 575(7782), pages 330-335, November.
    2. Jiqing He & Chenhao Lu & Haibo Jiang & Fei Han & Xiang Shi & Jingxia Wu & Liyuan Wang & Taiqiang Chen & Jiajia Wang & Ye Zhang & Han Yang & Guoqi Zhang & Xuemei Sun & Bingjie Wang & Peining Chen & Yon, 2021. "Scalable production of high-performing woven lithium-ion fibre batteries," Nature, Nature, vol. 597(7874), pages 57-63, September.
    3. Di Wei & Feiyao Yang & Zhuoheng Jiang & Zhonglin Wang, 2022. "Flexible iontronics based on 2D nanofluidic material," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
    4. Yujia Zhang & Jorin Riexinger & Xingyun Yang & Ellina Mikhailova & Yongcheng Jin & Linna Zhou & Hagan Bayley, 2023. "A microscale soft ionic power source modulates neuronal network activity," Nature, Nature, vol. 620(7976), pages 1001-1006, August.
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