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Photonic crystals with rainbow colors by centrifugation-assisted assembly of colloidal lignin nanoparticles

Author

Listed:
  • Jinrong Liu

    (Stockholm University
    Stockholm University)

  • Mathias Nero

    (Stockholm University)

  • Kjell Jansson

    (Stockholm University)

  • Tom Willhammar

    (Stockholm University)

  • Mika H. Sipponen

    (Stockholm University
    Stockholm University)

Abstract

Photonic crystals are optical materials that are often fabricated by assembly of particles into periodically arranged structures. However, assembly of lignin nanoparticles has been limited due to lacking methods and incomplete understanding of the interparticle forces and packing mechanisms. Here we show a centrifugation-assisted fabrication of photonic crystals with rainbow structural colors emitted from the structure covering the entire visible spectrum. Our results show that centrifugation is crucial for the formation of lignin photonic crystals, because assembly of lignin nanoparticles without centrifugation assistance leads to the formation of stripe patterns rather than photonic crystals. We further prove that the functions of centrifugation are to classify lignin nanoparticles according to their particle size and produce monodispersed particle layers that display gradient colors from red to violet. The different layers of lignin nanoparticles were assembled in a way that created semi-closed packing structures, which gave rise to coherent scattering. The diameter of the lignin nanoparticles in each color layer is smaller than that predicted by a modified Bragg’s equation. In situ optical microscope images provided additional evidence on the importance of dynamic rearrangement of lignin nanoparticles during their assembly into semi-closed packing structures. The preparation of lignin nanoparticles combined with the methodology for their classification and assembly pave the way for sustainable photonic crystals.

Suggested Citation

  • Jinrong Liu & Mathias Nero & Kjell Jansson & Tom Willhammar & Mika H. Sipponen, 2023. "Photonic crystals with rainbow colors by centrifugation-assisted assembly of colloidal lignin nanoparticles," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-38819-5
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38819-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Adrian Moreno & Mika H. Sipponen, 2020. "Biocatalytic nanoparticles for the stabilization of degassed single electron transfer-living radical pickering emulsion polymerizations," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Pete Vukusic & J. Roy Sambles, 2003. "Photonic structures in biology," Nature, Nature, vol. 424(6950), pages 852-855, August.
    3. Richard M. Parker & Tianheng H. Zhao & Bruno Frka-Petesic & Silvia Vignolini, 2022. "Cellulose photonic pigments," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
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    1. Miaomiao Li & Bolun Peng & Quanqian Lyu & Xiaodong Chen & Zhen Hu & Xiujuan Zhang & Bijin Xiong & Lianbin Zhang & Jintao Zhu, 2024. "Scalable production of structurally colored composite films by shearing supramolecular composites of polymers and colloids," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, December.

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