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Bioprinting microporous functional living materials from protein-based core-shell microgels

Author

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  • Yangteng Ou

    (Nanjing Tech University
    University of Cambridge
    Cambridge University-Nanjing Centre of Technology and Innovation)

  • Shixiang Cao

    (Nanjing Tech University)

  • Yang Zhang

    (Nanjing Tech University)

  • Hongjia Zhu

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Chengzhi Guo

    (Nanjing Tech University
    University College London)

  • Wei Yan

    (Nanjing Tech University)

  • Fengxue Xin

    (Nanjing Tech University)

  • Weiliang Dong

    (Nanjing Tech University)

  • Yanli Zhang

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Masashi Narita

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Ziyi Yu

    (Nanjing Tech University)

  • Tuomas P. J. Knowles

    (University of Cambridge
    University of Cambridge)

Abstract

Living materials bring together material science and biology to allow the engineering and augmenting of living systems with novel functionalities. Bioprinting promises accurate control over the formation of such complex materials through programmable deposition of cells in soft materials, but current approaches had limited success in fine-tuning cell microenvironments while generating robust macroscopic morphologies. Here, we address this challenge through the use of core-shell microgel ink to decouple cell microenvironments from the structural shell for further processing. Cells are microfluidically immobilized in the viscous core that can promote the formation of both microbial populations and mammalian cellular spheroids, followed by interparticle annealing to give covalently stabilized functional scaffolds with controlled microporosity. The results show that the core-shell strategy mitigates cell leakage while affording a favorable environment for cell culture. Furthermore, we demonstrate that different microbial consortia can be printed into scaffolds for a range of applications. By compartmentalizing microbial consortia in separate microgels, the collective bioprocessing capability of the scaffold is significantly enhanced, shedding light on strategies to augment living materials with bioprocessing capabilities.

Suggested Citation

  • Yangteng Ou & Shixiang Cao & Yang Zhang & Hongjia Zhu & Chengzhi Guo & Wei Yan & Fengxue Xin & Weiliang Dong & Yanli Zhang & Masashi Narita & Ziyi Yu & Tuomas P. J. Knowles, 2023. "Bioprinting microporous functional living materials from protein-based core-shell microgels," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-35140-5
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35140-5
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