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A fungal extracellular effector inactivates plant polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein

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  • Wei Wei

    (Washington State University)

  • Liangsheng Xu

    (Northwestern A&F University)

  • Hao Peng

    (Washington State University)

  • Wenjun Zhu

    (Wuhan Polytechnic University)

  • Kiwamu Tanaka

    (Washington State University
    Washington State University)

  • Jiasen Cheng

    (Huazhong Agricultural University)

  • Karen A. Sanguinet

    (Washington State University
    Washington State University)

  • George Vandemark

    (Washington State University
    Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit)

  • Weidong Chen

    (Washington State University
    Washington State University
    Washington State University
    Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit)

Abstract

Plant pathogens degrade cell wall through secreted polygalacturonases (PGs) during infection. Plants counteract the PGs by producing PG-inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) for protection, reversibly binding fungal PGs, and mitigating their hydrolytic activities. To date, how fungal pathogens specifically overcome PGIP inhibition is unknown. Here, we report an effector, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum PGIP-INactivating Effector 1 (SsPINE1), which directly interacts with and functionally inactivates PGIP. S. sclerotiorum is a necrotrophic fungus that causes stem rot diseases on more than 600 plant species with tissue maceration being the most prominent symptom. SsPINE1 enhances S. sclerotiorum necrotrophic virulence by specifically interacting with host PGIPs to negate their polygalacturonase-inhibiting function via enhanced dissociation of PGIPs from PGs. Targeted deletion of SsPINE1 reduces the fungal virulence. Ectopic expression of SsPINE1 in plant reduces its resistance against S. sclerotiorum. Functional and genomic analyses reveal a conserved virulence mechanism of cognate PINE1 proteins in broad host range necrotrophic fungal pathogens.

Suggested Citation

  • Wei Wei & Liangsheng Xu & Hao Peng & Wenjun Zhu & Kiwamu Tanaka & Jiasen Cheng & Karen A. Sanguinet & George Vandemark & Weidong Chen, 2022. "A fungal extracellular effector inactivates plant polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-29788-2
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29788-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jonathan D. G. Jones & Jeffery L. Dangl, 2006. "The plant immune system," Nature, Nature, vol. 444(7117), pages 323-329, November.
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    1. Wen Li & Peng Li & Yizhen Deng & Junjian Situ & Zhuoyuan He & Wenzhe Zhou & Minhui Li & Pinggen Xi & Xiangxiu Liang & Guanghui Kong & Zide Jiang, 2024. "A plant cell death-inducing protein from litchi interacts with Peronophythora litchii pectate lyase and enhances plant resistance," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Xiaofan Liu & Huihui Zhao & Mingyun Yuan & Pengyue Li & Jiatao Xie & Yanping Fu & Bo Li & Xiao Yu & Tao Chen & Yang Lin & Weidong Chen & Daohong Jiang & Jiasen Cheng, 2024. "An effector essential for virulence of necrotrophic fungi targets plant HIRs to inhibit host immunity," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-16, December.

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