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Robust and durable serological response following pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection

Author

Listed:
  • Hanna Renk

    (University Children’s Hospital Tübingen)

  • Alex Dulovic

    (NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen)

  • Alina Seidel

    (Ulm University Medical Center)

  • Matthias Becker

    (NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen)

  • Dorit Fabricius

    (Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University)

  • Maria Zernickel

    (Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University)

  • Daniel Junker

    (NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen)

  • Rüdiger Groß

    (Ulm University Medical Center)

  • Janis Müller

    (Ulm University Medical Center)

  • Alexander Hilger

    (University of Freiburg)

  • Sebastian F. N. Bode

    (Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University)

  • Linus Fritsch

    (University of Freiburg)

  • Pauline Frieh

    (University of Freiburg)

  • Anneke Haddad

    (University of Freiburg)

  • Tessa Görne

    (University of Freiburg)

  • Jonathan Remppis

    (University Children’s Hospital Tübingen)

  • Tina Ganzemueller

    (University Hospital Tübingen)

  • Andrea Dietz

    (Ulm University Medical Center)

  • Daniela Huzly

    (Germany and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)

  • Hartmut Hengel

    (Germany and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)

  • Klaus Kaier

    (University of Freiburg)

  • Susanne Weber

    (University of Freiburg)

  • Eva-Maria Jacobsen

    (Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University)

  • Philipp D. Kaiser

    (NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen)

  • Bjoern Traenkle

    (NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen)

  • Ulrich Rothbauer

    (NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen)

  • Maximilian Stich

    (University Children’s Hospital Heidelberg)

  • Burkhard Tönshoff

    (University Children’s Hospital Heidelberg)

  • Georg F. Hoffmann

    (University Children’s Hospital Heidelberg)

  • Barbara Müller

    (Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital)

  • Carolin Ludwig

    (Ulm University
    Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics
    German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service)

  • Bernd Jahrsdörfer

    (Ulm University
    Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics
    German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service)

  • Hubert Schrezenmeier

    (Ulm University
    Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics
    German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service)

  • Andreas Peter

    (University Hospital Tübingen)

  • Sebastian Hörber

    (University Hospital Tübingen)

  • Thomas Iftner

    (University Hospital Tübingen)

  • Jan Münch

    (Ulm University Medical Center)

  • Thomas Stamminger

    (Ulm University Medical Center)

  • Hans-Jürgen Groß

    (Ulm University)

  • Martin Wolkewitz

    (University of Freiburg)

  • Corinna Engel

    (University Children’s Hospital Tübingen
    University Hospital Tübingen)

  • Weimin Liu

    (University of Pennsylvania)

  • Marta Rizzi

    (University of Freiburg)

  • Beatrice H. Hahn

    (University of Pennsylvania)

  • Philipp Henneke

    (University of Freiburg
    University of Freiburg)

  • Axel R. Franz

    (University Children’s Hospital Tübingen
    University Hospital Tübingen)

  • Klaus-Michael Debatin

    (Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University)

  • Nicole Schneiderhan-Marra

    (NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen)

  • Ales Janda

    (Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University)

  • Roland Elling

    (University of Freiburg
    University of Freiburg)

Abstract

The quality and persistence of children’s humoral immune response following SARS-CoV-2 infection remains largely unknown but will be crucial to guide pediatric SARS-CoV-2 vaccination programs. Here, we examine 548 children and 717 adults within 328 households with at least one member with a previous laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. We assess serological response at 3–4 months and 11–12 months after infection using a bead-based multiplex immunoassay for 23 human coronavirus antigens including SARS-CoV-2 and its Variants of Concern (VOC) and endemic human coronaviruses (HCoVs), and additionally by three commercial SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays. Neutralization against wild type SARS-CoV-2 and the Delta VOC are analysed in a pseudotyped virus assay. Children, compared to adults, are five times more likely to be asymptomatic, and have higher specific antibody levels which persist longer (96.2% versus 82.9% still seropositive 11–12 months post infection). Of note, symptomatic and asymptomatic infections induce similar humoral responses in all age groups. SARS-CoV-2 infection occurs independent of HCoV serostatus. Neutralization responses of children and adults are similar, although neutralization is reduced for both against the Delta VOC. Overall, the long-term humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is of longer duration than in adults even after asymptomatic infection.

Suggested Citation

  • Hanna Renk & Alex Dulovic & Alina Seidel & Matthias Becker & Dorit Fabricius & Maria Zernickel & Daniel Junker & Rüdiger Groß & Janis Müller & Alexander Hilger & Sebastian F. N. Bode & Linus Fritsch &, 2022. "Robust and durable serological response following pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-27595-9
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27595-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Adam K. Wheatley & Jennifer A. Juno & Jing J. Wang & Kevin J. Selva & Arnold Reynaldi & Hyon-Xhi Tan & Wen Shi Lee & Kathleen M. Wragg & Hannah G. Kelly & Robyn Esterbauer & Samantha K. Davis & Helen , 2021. "Evolution of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in mild-moderate COVID-19," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Davide F. Robbiani & Christian Gaebler & Frauke Muecksch & Julio C. C. Lorenzi & Zijun Wang & Alice Cho & Marianna Agudelo & Christopher O. Barnes & Anna Gazumyan & Shlomo Finkin & Thomas Hägglöf & Th, 2020. "Convergent antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in convalescent individuals," Nature, Nature, vol. 584(7821), pages 437-442, August.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Eva-Maria Jacobsen & Dorit Fabricius & Magdalena Class & Fernando Topfstedt & Raquel Lorenzetti & Iga Janowska & Franziska Schmidt & Julian Staniek & Maria Zernickel & Thomas Stamminger & Andrea N. Di, 2022. "High antibody levels and reduced cellular response in children up to one year after SARS-CoV-2 infection," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-16, December.
    3. Roxane Dumont & Viviane Richard & Elsa Lorthe & Andrea Loizeau & Francesco Pennacchio & María-Eugenia Zaballa & Hélène Baysson & Mayssam Nehme & Anne Perrin & Arnaud G. L’Huillier & Laurent Kaiser & R, 2022. "A population-based serological study of post-COVID syndrome prevalence and risk factors in children and adolescents," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.

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