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Seismological expression of the iron spin crossover in ferropericlase in the Earth’s lower mantle

Author

Listed:
  • Grace E. Shephard

    (University of Oslo)

  • Christine Houser

    (Tokyo Institute of Technology)

  • John W. Hernlund

    (Tokyo Institute of Technology)

  • Juan J. Valencia-Cardona

    (Intel Corporation)

  • Reidar G. Trønnes

    (University of Oslo
    University of Oslo)

  • Renata M. Wentzcovitch

    (Columbia University
    Columbia University
    Columbia University)

Abstract

The two most abundant minerals in the Earth’s lower mantle are bridgmanite and ferropericlase. The bulk modulus of ferropericlase (Fp) softens as iron d-electrons transition from a high-spin to low-spin state, affecting the seismic compressional velocity but not the shear velocity. Here, we identify a seismological expression of the iron spin crossover in fast regions associated with cold Fp-rich subducted oceanic lithosphere: the relative abundance of fast velocities in P- and S-wave tomography models diverges in the ~1,400-2,000 km depth range. This is consistent with a reduced temperature sensitivity of P-waves throughout the iron spin crossover. A similar signal is also found in seismically slow regions below ~1,800 km, consistent with broadening and deepening of the crossover at higher temperatures. The corresponding inflection in P-wave velocity is not yet observed in 1-D seismic profiles, suggesting that the lower mantle is composed of non-uniformly distributed thermochemical heterogeneities which dampen the global signature of the Fp spin crossover.

Suggested Citation

  • Grace E. Shephard & Christine Houser & John W. Hernlund & Juan J. Valencia-Cardona & Reidar G. Trønnes & Renata M. Wentzcovitch, 2021. "Seismological expression of the iron spin crossover in ferropericlase in the Earth’s lower mantle," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-26115-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26115-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. R. D. van der Hilst & S. Widiyantoro & E. R. Engdahl, 1997. "Evidence for deep mantle circulation from global tomography," Nature, Nature, vol. 386(6625), pages 578-584, April.
    2. Fabio Crameri & Grace E. Shephard & Philip J. Heron, 2020. "The misuse of colour in science communication," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-10, December.
    3. Jiachao Liu & Susannah M. Dorfman & Feng Zhu & Jie Li & Yonggang Wang & Dongzhou Zhang & Yuming Xiao & Wenli Bi & E. Ercan Alp, 2018. "Valence and spin states of iron are invisible in Earth’s lower mantle," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-9, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Guido M. Gianni & Jeremías Likerman & César R. Navarrete & Conrado R. Gianni & Sergio Zlotnik, 2023. "Ghost-arc geochemical anomaly at a spreading ridge caused by supersized flat subduction," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
    2. Han Hsu & Koichiro Umemoto, 2022. "Structural transition and re-emergence of iron's total electron spin in (Mg,Fe)O at ultrahigh pressure," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    3. Laura Cobden & Jingyi Zhuang & Wenjie Lei & Renata Wentzcovitch & Jeannot Trampert & Jeroen Tromp, 2024. "Full-waveform tomography reveals iron spin crossover in Earth’s lower mantle," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.

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