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To compete or not compete: exploring the relationships between motorcycle-based ride-sourcing, motorcycle taxis, and public transport in the Jakarta metropolitan area

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Zudhy Irawan

    (Universitas Gadjah Mada)

  • Prawira Fajarindra Belgiawan

    (Institut Teknologi Bandung)

  • Ari Krisna Mawira Tarigan

    (University of Stavanger)

  • Fajar Wijanarko

    (Universitas Gadjah Mada)

Abstract

In the last decade, the emergence of ride-sourcing services has transformed personal trip behavior. In the context of Indonesia, ride-sourcing services have evolved into two modes of transport: motorcycle-based and car-based. The presence of such services has strongly impacted consumers’ choices of travel mode. However, the main question is whether the ride-sourcing service is a complement or a substitute for the existing public transport and conventional taxis. Using 438 motorcycle-based, ride-sourcing consumers, we applied a structural equation model to investigate the relationships between motorcycle-based ride-sourcing, motorcycle taxis, and public transport in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area. The result shows that motorcycle-based ride-sourcing works as a complementary mode for the TransJakarta bus and Jakarta commuter train, but as a competitor with the motorcycle taxis. Contrarily, motorcycle taxis supported the existence of motorcycle-based ride-sourcing. The study also found that individuals use motorcycle taxis as feeders to transit stops. Individuals commonly use motorcycle taxis and motorcycle-based ride-sourcing for short travel distances. The demographic features and technology use experience also drive individuals’ choice of the three transportation modes. Integrating public transport with motorcycle-based ride-source services, and legalizing motorcycle taxis and motorcycle-based ride sourcing as forms of public transport are two main proposed policies that seek to increase public transport demand, ensure service quality, safety, and fares, and reduce the potential conflict between all three.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Zudhy Irawan & Prawira Fajarindra Belgiawan & Ari Krisna Mawira Tarigan & Fajar Wijanarko, 2020. "To compete or not compete: exploring the relationships between motorcycle-based ride-sourcing, motorcycle taxis, and public transport in the Jakarta metropolitan area," Transportation, Springer, vol. 47(5), pages 2367-2389, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:transp:v:47:y:2020:i:5:d:10.1007_s11116-019-10019-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s11116-019-10019-5
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    2. Tri Basuki Joewono & Ariel Matthew & Muhamad Rizki, 2021. "Loyalty of Paratransit Users in the Era of Competition with Ride Sourcing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-20, November.
    3. Roosmayri Lovina Hermaputi & Chen Hua, 2024. "Decoding Jakarta Women’s Non-Working Travel-Mode Choice: Insights from Interpretable Machine-Learning Models," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-39, September.
    4. Bosker,Maarten & Roberts,Mark & Tiwari,Sailesh & Wibisana,Putu Sanjiwacika & Wihardja,Maria Monica & Yanurzha,Ramda, 2023. "Are Ride-Hailing Services and Public Transport Complements or Substitutes ? Evidence from the Opening of Jakarta’s MRT System," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10640, The World Bank.
    5. Kumar, Akshay & Gupta, Akshay & Parida, Manoranjan & Chauhan, Vivek, 2022. "Service quality assessment of ride-sourcing services: A distinction between ride-hailing and ride-sharing services," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 61-79.
    6. Chalermpong, Saksith & Ratanawaraha, Apiwat & Anuchitchanchai, Ornicha, 2023. "Motorcycle taxis' varying degrees of complementarity and substitution with public transit in Bangkok," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    7. Fariha Riska Yumita & Muhammad Zudhy Irawan & Siti Malkhamah & Muhammad Iqbal Habibi Kamal, 2021. "School Commuting: Barriers, Abilities and Strategies toward Sustainable Public Transport Systems in Yogyakarta, Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-18, August.
    8. Rizki, Muhamad & Basuki Joewono, Tri & Susilo, Yusak O., 2024. "Towards understanding travel in the digital age: A cross-dimensional one-week diary of individual virtual and physical activities in Indonesian cities," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
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