IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/kap/netnom/v22y2021i2d10.1007_s11066-022-09153-7.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A stock options metaphor for content delivery networks

Author

Listed:
  • Elias Vathias

    (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens)

  • Stathes Hadjiefthymiades

    (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens)

Abstract

We focus on the timely issue of Content Delivery Network (CDN) resource management. We introduce a multi-stage scheme that leverages solutions from the capital market. The mechanism of Stock Options (SOs) is used to address a potential scarcity of resources, not adequately addressed by other predictive mechanisms previously introduced by the authors. Using a Predictive Reservation Scheme (PRS), network resources offered by a CDN are monitored through established techniques (Kernel Regression Estimators) in a given time frame. Next, a Secondary Market (SM) significantly reduces resource waste by allowing the fast exchange of unused (remaining) resources granted to Origin Servers (OSs). This exchange occurs either by implementing socially optimal practices or by allowing automatic electronic auctions at the end of the day (EoD) or shorter time intervals. Finally, we further enhance our Load Prediction Mechanism (LPM); SOs are purchased and exercised, depending on the lack of resources at the EoD. As a result, OSs may acquire resources (if required) at a standard price. The effectiveness of the proposed stock market-based CDN resource management framework further improves.

Suggested Citation

  • Elias Vathias & Stathes Hadjiefthymiades, 2021. "A stock options metaphor for content delivery networks," Netnomics, Springer, vol. 22(2), pages 195-230, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:netnom:v:22:y:2021:i:2:d:10.1007_s11066-022-09153-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s11066-022-09153-7
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11066-022-09153-7
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s11066-022-09153-7?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bjerksund, Petter & Stensland, Gunnar, 1993. "Closed-form approximation of American options," Scandinavian Journal of Management, Elsevier, vol. 9(Supplemen), pages 87-99.
    2. Kartik Hosanagar & John Chuang & Ramayya Krishnan & Michael D. Smith, 2008. "Service Adoption and Pricing of Content Delivery Network (CDN) Services," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 54(9), pages 1579-1593, September.
    3. Barone-Adesi, Giovanni & Whaley, Robert E, 1987. "Efficient Analytic Approximation of American Option Values," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 42(2), pages 301-320, June.
    4. Elias Vathias & Eleftheria Katsarou & Stathes Hadjiefthymiades, 2017. "A secondary market metaphor for content delivery networks," Netnomics, Springer, vol. 18(2), pages 183-214, December.
    5. Neil Keon & G. “Anand” Anandalingam, 2005. "A New Pricing Model for Competitive Telecommunications Services Using Congestion Discounts," INFORMS Journal on Computing, INFORMS, vol. 17(2), pages 248-262, May.
    6. Xinyi Hu & George Kesidis & Behdad Heidarpour & Zbigniew Dziong, 2020. "Media delivery competition with edge cloud, remote cloud and networking," Netnomics, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 17-36, December.
    7. T. Başar & R. Srikant, 2002. "A Stackelberg Network Game with a Large Number of Followers," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 115(3), pages 479-490, December.
    8. Alexei A. Gaivoronski & Per Jonny Nesse & Olai Bendik Erdal, 2017. "Internet service provision and content services: paid peering and competition between internet providers," Netnomics, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 43-79, May.
    9. Kartik Hosanagar & Ramayya Krishnan & John Chuang & Vidyanand Choudhary, 2005. "Pricing and Resource Allocation in Caching Services with Multiple Levels of Quality of Service," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 51(12), pages 1844-1859, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Elias Vathias & Stathes Hadjiefthymiades, 2022. "A stock options metaphor for content delivery networks," Netnomics, Springer, vol. 22(2), pages 195-230, October.
    2. Jérôme Detemple, 2014. "Optimal Exercise for Derivative Securities," Annual Review of Financial Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 6(1), pages 459-487, December.
    3. In oon Kim & Bong-Gyu Jang & Kyeong Tae Kim, 2013. "A simple iterative method for the valuation of American options," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(6), pages 885-895, May.
    4. Kartik Hosanagar & Yong Tan, 2012. "Cooperative Cashing? An Economic Analysis of Document Duplication in Cooperative Web Caching," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 23(2), pages 356-375, June.
    5. Weiping Li & Su Chen, 2018. "The Early Exercise Premium In American Options By Using Nonparametric Regressions," International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance (IJTAF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 21(07), pages 1-29, November.
    6. Qianru Shang & Brian Byrne, 2021. "American option pricing: Optimal Lattice models and multidimensional efficiency tests," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(4), pages 514-535, April.
    7. Fabozzi, Frank J. & Paletta, Tommaso & Stanescu, Silvia & Tunaru, Radu, 2016. "An improved method for pricing and hedging long dated American options," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 254(2), pages 656-666.
    8. Kartik Hosanagar & John Chuang & Ramayya Krishnan & Michael D. Smith, 2008. "Service Adoption and Pricing of Content Delivery Network (CDN) Services," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 54(9), pages 1579-1593, September.
    9. Jongwoo Lee & Dean Paxson, 2003. "Confined exponential approximations for the valuation of American options," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(5), pages 449-474.
    10. Bruce Mizrach, 2007. "Recovering Probabilistic Information From Options Prices and the Underlying," Departmental Working Papers 200702, Rutgers University, Department of Economics.
    11. Burcu Aydoğan & Ümit Aksoy & Ömür Uğur, 2018. "On the methods of pricing American options: case study," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 260(1), pages 79-94, January.
    12. Bruce Mizrach, 2002. "When Did The Smart Money in Enron Lose Its' Smirk?," Departmental Working Papers 200224, Rutgers University, Department of Economics.
    13. Mark Broadie & Jérôme Detemple, 1996. "Recent Advances in Numerical Methods for Pricing Derivative Securities," CIRANO Working Papers 96s-17, CIRANO.
    14. Elias Vathias & Eleftheria Katsarou & Stathes Hadjiefthymiades, 2017. "A secondary market metaphor for content delivery networks," Netnomics, Springer, vol. 18(2), pages 183-214, December.
    15. Huimin Yao & Frederik Pretorius, 2014. "Demand Uncertainty, Development Timing and Leasehold Land Valuation: Empirical Testing of Real Options in Residential Real Estate Development," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 42(4), pages 829-868, December.
    16. Vinicius Albani & Uri M. Ascher & Jorge P. Zubelli, 2016. "Local Volatility Models in Commodity Markets and Online Calibration," Papers 1602.04372, arXiv.org.
    17. Bartosz Lamasz & Natalia Iwaszczuk, 2020. "Crude Oil Option Market Parameters and Their Impact on the Cost of Hedging by Long Strap Strategy," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 10(1), pages 471-480.
    18. Pier Giuseppe Giribone & Simone Ligato, 2016. "Flexible-forward pricing through Leisen–Reimer trees: Implementation and performance comparison with traditional Markov chains," International Journal of Financial Engineering (IJFE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 3(02), pages 1-21, June.
    19. Nils Crasselt & Christian Lohmann, 2016. "Considering real options in short-term decision making," Journal of Management Control: Zeitschrift für Planung und Unternehmenssteuerung, Springer, vol. 27(4), pages 351-369, November.
    20. Haas, Markus & Mittnik, Stefan & Mizrach, Bruce, 2006. "Assessing central bank credibility during the ERM crises: Comparing option and spot market-based forecasts," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 2(1), pages 28-54, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:kap:netnom:v:22:y:2021:i:2:d:10.1007_s11066-022-09153-7. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.