IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/jre/issued/v28n42006p411-444.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Considerations in the Design and Construction of Investment Real Estate Research Indices

Author

Listed:
  • David Geltner

    (George Macomber Professor of Real Estate Finance, Department of Urban Studies & Planning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139)

  • David C. Ling

    (William D. Hussey Professor of Real Estate, Department of Finance & Real Estate, Warrington College of Business Administration, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7160)

Abstract

Since the founding of NCREIF almost three decades ago statistical methodologies useful for investment performance index construction have advanced dramatically, notably including developments such as the repeated-measures regression (RMR) and related noise-filtering techniques. In recent years, electronic databases of commercial property prices have been developed that far exceed the quality and coverage of those databases available only a few years ago. Together, these two developments offer capabilities for transactions-based indices, mass appraisal, and other tools that could be very useful for improving real estate research indices. This paper focuses on the technical considerations associated with the design and construction of commercial real estate return indices for asset class research. In particular, we discuss in detail property sampling issues, differences between transaction price and appraisal based indices, the trade-off between random measurement error and temporal lag bias, optimal reporting and property revaluation frequencies, and the uses and limitations of some econometric methods of index construction developed over the past decade in the real estate academic literature.

Suggested Citation

  • David Geltner & David C. Ling, 2006. "Considerations in the Design and Construction of Investment Real Estate Research Indices," Journal of Real Estate Research, American Real Estate Society, vol. 28(4), pages 411-444.
    • Handle: RePEc:jre:issued:v:28:n:4:2006:p:411-444
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://pages.jh.edu/jrer/papers/pdf/past/vol28n04/04.411_444.pdf
    File Function: Full text
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jeff Fisher & David Geltner & Henry Pollakowski, 2007. "A Quarterly Transactions-based Index of Institutional Real Estate Investment Performance and Movements in Supply and Demand," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 34(1), pages 5-33, January.
    2. Jeffrey Fisher & Dean Gatzlaff & David Geltner & Donald Haurin, 2003. "Controlling for the Impact of Variable Liquidity in Commercial Real Estate Price Indices," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 31(2), pages 269-303, June.
    3. Richard Barkham & David Geltner, 1995. "Price Discovery in American and British Property Markets," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 23(1), pages 21-44, March.
    4. Neil Crosby & Anthony Lavers & John Murdoch, 1998. "Property valuation variation and the 'margin of error' in the UK," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(4), pages 305-330, January.
    5. Yuming Fu, 2003. "Estimating the Lagging Error in Real Estate Price Indices," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 31(1), pages 75-98, March.
    6. Fisher, Jeffrey D & Geltner, David M & Webb, R Brian, 1994. "Value Indices of Commercial Real Estate: A Comparison of Index Construction Methods," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 9(2), pages 137-164, September.
    7. Julian Diaz & Marvin L. Wolverton, 1998. "A Longitudinal Examination of the Appraisal Smoothing Hypothesis," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 26(2), pages 349-358, June.
    8. Russell Chaplin, 1997. "Unsmoothing valuation-based indices using multiple regimes," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(3), pages 189-210, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Lawrence Fisher & Daniel G. Weaver & Gwendolyn Webb, 2012. "Removing Biases in Computed Returns: An Analysis of Bias in Equally-Weighted Return Indexes of REITs," International Real Estate Review, Global Social Science Institute, vol. 15(1), pages 43-71.
    2. David Geltner & Peiling Wei & David C. Ling, 2007. "Indices for Investment Benchmarking and Return Performance Analysis in Private Real Estate," International Real Estate Review, Global Social Science Institute, vol. 10(1), pages 93-118.
    3. Willem P Sijp & Anastasios Panagiotelis, 2024. "Estimating granular house price distributions in the Australian market using Gaussian mixtures," Papers 2404.05178, arXiv.org.
    4. Robert J. Hill & Alicia N. Rambaldi & Michael Scholz, 2021. "Higher frequency hedonic property price indices: a state-space approach," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 61(1), pages 417-441, July.
    5. Shi, Song & Young, Martin & Hargreaves, Bob, 2009. "Issues in measuring a monthly house price index in New Zealand," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 18(4), pages 336-350, December.
    6. Füss, Roland & Ruf, Daniel, 2021. "Bank systemic risk exposure and office market interconnectedness," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    7. Song Shi & Martin Young & Bob Hargreaves, 2010. "House Price-Volume Dynamics: Evidence from 12 Cities in New Zealand," Journal of Real Estate Research, American Real Estate Society, vol. 32(1), pages 75-100.
    8. Sheharyar Bokhari & David Geltner, 2012. "Estimating Real Estate Price Movements for High Frequency Tradable Indexes in a Scarce Data Environment," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 45(2), pages 522-543, August.
    9. Jaroslav Kaizr, 2019. "Some reflections on commercial real estate indices [Vybrané úvahy nad indexy komerčních nemovitostí]," Oceňování, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 12(1), pages 29-41.
    10. Jeff Fisher & David Geltner & Henry Pollakowski, 2007. "A Quarterly Transactions-based Index of Institutional Real Estate Investment Performance and Movements in Supply and Demand," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 34(1), pages 5-33, January.
    11. António Miguel Martins & Ana Paula Serra, 2012. "Real Estate Market Risk in Bank Stock Returns: Evidence for 15 European Countries," CEF.UP Working Papers 1203, Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Economia do Porto.
    12. Marc K. Francke & Alex Minne, 2017. "The Hierarchical Repeat Sales Model for Granular Commercial Real Estate and Residential Price Indices," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 55(4), pages 511-532, November.
    13. Deng, Yongheng & McMillen, Daniel P. & Sing, Tien Foo, 2014. "Matching indices for thinly-traded commercial real estate in Singapore," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 86-98.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Deng, Yongheng & McMillen, Daniel P. & Sing, Tien Foo, 2014. "Matching indices for thinly-traded commercial real estate in Singapore," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 86-98.
    2. Jean‐Christophe Delfim & Martin Hoesli, 2021. "Robust desmoothed real estate returns," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 49(1), pages 75-105, March.
    3. David Geltner & Bryan D. MacGregor & Gregory M. Schwann, 2003. "Appraisal Smoothing and Price Discovery in Real Estate Markets," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 40(5-6), pages 1047-1064, May.
    4. Christian Rehring & Steffen Sebastian, 2011. "Dynamics of commercial real estate asset markets, return volatility and the investment horizon," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(4), pages 291-315, June.
    5. K.W. Chau & Bryan D. MacGregor & Gregory M. Schwann, 2001. "Price discovery in the Hong Kong real estate market," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(3), pages 187-216.
    6. Camilo Serrano & Martin Hoesli, 2012. "Fractional Cointegration Analysis of Securitized Real Estate," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 44(3), pages 319-338, April.
    7. Jeff Fisher & David Geltner & Henry Pollakowski, 2007. "A Quarterly Transactions-based Index of Institutional Real Estate Investment Performance and Movements in Supply and Demand," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 34(1), pages 5-33, January.
    8. John Knight & Colin Lizieri & Stephen Satchell, 2005. "Diversification when It Hurts? The Joint Distributions of Real Estate and Equity Markets1," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(4), pages 309-323, December.
    9. Christian Weistroffer & Steffen Sebastian, 2015. "The German Open-End Fund Crisis – A Valuation Problem?," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 50(4), pages 517-548, May.
    10. Devaney, Steven & Xiao, Qin, 2017. "Cyclical co-movements of private real estate, public real estate and equity markets: A cross-continental spectrum," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 42, pages 132-151.
    11. Robert J. Hill & Miriam Steurer, 2020. "Commercial Property Price Indices and Indicators: Review and Discussion of Issues Raised in the CPPI Statistical Report of Eurostat (2017)," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 66(3), pages 736-751, September.
    12. John Knight & Colin Lizieri & Stephen Satchell, 2005. "Diversification When It Hurts? The Joint Distributions of Real Estate and Equity Markets," Real Estate & Planning Working Papers rep-wp2005-16, Henley Business School, University of Reading.
    13. Elias Oikarinen & Martin Hoesli & Camilo Serrano, 2013. "Do Public Real Estate Returns Really Lead Private Returns?," ERES eres2013_145, European Real Estate Society (ERES).
    14. Andrea Chegut & Piet Eichholtz & Paulo Rodrigues, 2013. "The London Commercial Property Price Index," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 47(4), pages 588-616, November.
    15. Mark Fitzgerald & David J. Hansen & Will McIntosh & Barrett A. Slade, 2020. "Urban Land: Price Indices, Performance, and Leading Indicators," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 60(3), pages 396-419, April.
    16. Walter Boudry & N. Coulson & Jarl Kallberg & Crocker Liu, 2013. "On Indexing Commercial Real Estate Properties and Portfolios," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 47(4), pages 617-639, November.
    17. Eduardo Fernandes Cazassa & Odilon Costa, 2017. "Real Estate Indices: the good and the bad," LARES lares_2017_paper_65, Latin American Real Estate Society (LARES).
    18. Gregory H. MacKinnon & Ashraf Al Zaman, 2009. "Real Estate for the Long Term: The Effect of Return Predictability on Long‐Horizon Allocations," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 37(1), pages 117-153, March.
    19. Getmansky, Mila & Lo, Andrew W. & Makarov, Igor, 2004. "An econometric model of serial correlation and illiquidity in hedge fund returns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(3), pages 529-609, December.
    20. Andrey Pavlov & Eva Steiner & Susan Wachter, 2018. "The Consequences of REIT Index Membership for Return Patterns," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 46(1), pages 210-250, March.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • L85 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Real Estate Services

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:jre:issued:v:28:n:4:2006:p:411-444. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: JRER Graduate Assistant/Webmaster (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.aresnet.org/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.