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Défice Tarifário, Rendas Excessivas e Privatizações

Author

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  • João Confraria

    (Catolica Lisbon School of Business and Economics)

Abstract

O défice tarifário e a possibilidade de haver rendas excessivas têm sido a principal fonte de polémica sobre a intervenção do Estado no setor elétrico nos últimos 25 anos e foram objeto de uma Comissão Parlamentar de Inquérito, cujo Relatório, assim como as declarações de voto dos partidos, são uma fonte de informação bem sistematizada sobre o que se passou. Neste trabalho, discutem -se os fundamentos e as consequências da política de défices tarifários e de políticas que conduziram ao que tem sido considerado como rendas excessivas. Sobre a política de défices tarifários não se encontram fundamentos nem de eficiência, nem de equidade e é duvidoso que se possa justificar com base num argumento de estabilidade tarifária, que foi o argumento mais utilizado formalmente. A criação de rendas excessivas tem no mercado de eletricidade os efeitos negativos associados ao poder de mercado. Numa perspetiva de equilíbrio geral, é possível fundamentar uma política de rendas excessivas com base em critérios de eficiência, mas não foi esta a abordagem seguida pelos governos portugueses que poderá ter estado mais centrada na obtenção de vantagens eleitorais com aquela política. Em sentido diferente, pode-se considerar que em 1995 foi adotado um modelo de regulação contratual que pode gerar a criação de rendas, sem que estas devam ser consideradas como excessivas. Concluindo, qualquer que seja a interpretação dada ao trabalho da Comissão, a sua principal utilidade parece ser a de evidenciar formas de melhorar o processo de decisão pública.

Suggested Citation

  • João Confraria, 2021. "Défice Tarifário, Rendas Excessivas e Privatizações," Notas Económicas, Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra, issue 53, pages 49-72, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gmf:journl:y:2021:i:53:p:49:72
    DOI: 10.14195/2183-203X_53_4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. World Bank Group, 2017. "Joining Forces for Better Services," World Bank Publications - Reports 28095, The World Bank Group.
    2. Abbott, Malcolm & Cohen, Bruce, 2009. "Productivity and efficiency in the water industry," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 17(3-4), pages 233-244, September.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Privatizações; preços de eletricidade; rendas; excedente do consumidor.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L32 - Industrial Organization - - Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise - - - Public Enterprises; Public-Private Enterprises
    • L38 - Industrial Organization - - Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise - - - Public Policy
    • L51 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Economics of Regulation
    • L94 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Electric Utilities

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