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Effect of Urban Green Spaces and Flooded Area Type on Flooding Probability

Author

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  • Hyomin Kim

    (Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea)

  • Dong-Kun Lee

    (Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural Systems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea)

  • Sunyong Sung

    (Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea)

Abstract

Countermeasures to urban flooding should consider long-term perspectives, because climate change impacts are unpredictable and complex. Urban green spaces have emerged as a potential option to reduce urban flood risks, and their effectiveness has been highlighted in notable urban water management studies. In this study, flooded areas in Seoul, Korea, were divided into four flooded area types by cluster analysis based on topographic and physical characteristics and verified using discriminant analysis. After division by flooded area type, logistic regression analysis was performed to determine how the flooding probability changes with variations in green space area. Type 1 included regions where flooding occurred in a drainage basin that had a flood risk management infrastructure (FRMI). In Type 2, the slope was steep; the TWI (Topographic Wetness Index) was relatively low; and soil drainage was favorable. Type 3 represented the gentlest sloping areas, and these were associated with the highest TWI values. In addition, these areas had the worst soil drainage. Type 4 had moderate slopes, imperfect soil drainage and lower than average TWI values. We found that green spaces exerted a considerable influence on urban flooding probabilities in Seoul, and flooding probabilities could be reduced by over 50% depending on the green space area and the locations where green spaces were introduced. Increasing the area of green spaces was the most effective method of decreasing flooding probability in Type 3 areas. In Type 2 areas, the maximum hourly precipitation affected the flooding probability significantly, and the flooding probability in these areas was high despite the extensive green space area. These findings can contribute towards establishing guidelines for urban spatial planning to respond to urban flooding.

Suggested Citation

  • Hyomin Kim & Dong-Kun Lee & Sunyong Sung, 2016. "Effect of Urban Green Spaces and Flooded Area Type on Flooding Probability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-17, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:8:y:2016:i:2:p:134-:d:63207
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Liu, Wen & Chen, Weiping & Peng, Chi, 2014. "Assessing the effectiveness of green infrastructures on urban flooding reduction: A community scale study," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 291(C), pages 6-14.
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    2. Barah, Masoud & Khojandi, Anahita & Li, Xueping & Hathaway, Jon & Omitaomu, OluFemi, 2021. "Optimizing green infrastructure placement under precipitation uncertainty," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    3. Byungsun Yang & Dongkun Lee, 2021. "Urban Green Space Arrangement for an Optimal Landscape Planning Strategy for Runoff Reduction," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-12, August.
    4. Susanne Charlesworth & Frank Warwick & Craig Lashford, 2016. "Decision-Making and Sustainable Drainage: Design and Scale," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-11, August.
    5. Michèle Pezzagno & Barbara M. Frigione & Carla S. S. Ferreira, 2021. "Reading Urban Green Morphology to Enhance Urban Resilience: A Case Study of Six Southern European Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-16, August.
    6. Hong Lv & Xinjian Guan & Yu Meng, 2020. "Comprehensive evaluation of urban flood-bearing risks based on combined compound fuzzy matter-element and entropy weight model," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 103(2), pages 1823-1841, September.
    7. Maria Matos Silva & João Pedro Costa, 2017. "Urban Flood Adaptation through Public Space Retrofits: The Case of Lisbon (Portugal)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-30, May.
    8. Byungsun Yang & Dong Kun Lee, 2021. "Planning Strategy for the Reduction of Runoff Using Urban Green Space," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-13, February.
    9. So Yoon Kim & Brian H. S. Kim, 2017. "The Effect of Urban Green Infrastructure on Disaster Mitigation in Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-12, June.
    10. Arnab K. Ghosh & Martin F. Shapiro & David Abramson, 2022. "Closing the Knowledge Gap in the Long-Term Health Effects of Natural Disasters: A Research Agenda for Improving Environmental Justice in the Age of Climate Change," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-9, November.
    11. Sunmin Lee & Saro Lee & Moung-Jin Lee & Hyung-Sup Jung, 2018. "Spatial Assessment of Urban Flood Susceptibility Using Data Mining and Geographic Information System (GIS) Tools," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-19, February.
    12. Dikman Maheng & Assela Pathirana & Chris Zevenbergen, 2021. "A Preliminary Study on the Impact of Landscape Pattern Changes Due to Urbanization: Case Study of Jakarta, Indonesia," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-26, February.

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