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A Methodology for Assessing the Implementation Potential for Retrofitted and Multifunctional Urban Green Infrastructure in Public Areas of the Global South

Author

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  • Tanja Fluhrer

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany)

  • Fernando Chapa

    (Research Group SEE-URBAN-WATER, Section of Ecological Engineering, Institute of Applied Geosciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany)

  • Jochen Hack

    (Research Group SEE-URBAN-WATER, Section of Ecological Engineering, Institute of Applied Geosciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany)

Abstract

Urban green infrastructure (UGI) provides multiple functions that combine ecological and social benefits. UGI is being increasingly promoted and implemented in the Global North. In other parts of the world, such as in the Global South, infrastructures for UGI implementation and promotion are sparse. The state of infrastructure development and informal settlements in the Global South present different constraints and demands that should be explicitly addressed. This study presents an approach to addressing the specific conditions and physical limitations of UGI development in urban areas of the Global South. A four-step methodology was developed to assess the implementation potential for retrofitted and multifunctional urban green infrastructure in public areas. This methodology consists of (1) an initial site analysis, (2) defining design criteria and general strategies, (3) exploring the different dimensions of multifunctionality as the basis for deriving spatial typologies, and (4) assessing spatial suitability for potential placements for UGI elements. The methodology was applied to a study area in the metropolitan region of San José, Costa Rica. The results indicate the potential to improve the hydrological (up to 34% of surface runoff reduction), ecological (an increase of green space by 2.2%, creation of 1500 m length of roadside greenery and two new habitat types), and social conditions (2200 m of road type upgrading) of the site through UGIs. This assessment of different multifunctionality dimensions can serve as a guide for future UGI promotion and implementation in urban areas of the Global South.

Suggested Citation

  • Tanja Fluhrer & Fernando Chapa & Jochen Hack, 2021. "A Methodology for Assessing the Implementation Potential for Retrofitted and Multifunctional Urban Green Infrastructure in Public Areas of the Global South," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-25, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:384-:d:474383
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Schwarz, Nina & Moretti, Marco & Bugalho, Miguel N. & Davies, Zoe G. & Haase, Dagmar & Hack, Jochen & Hof, Angela & Melero, Yolanda & Pett, Tristan J. & Knapp, Sonja, 2017. "Understanding biodiversity-ecosystem service relationships in urban areas: A comprehensive literature review," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 27(PA), pages 161-171.
    2. Elisa Lähde & Ambika Khadka & Outi Tahvonen & Teemu Kokkonen, 2019. "Can We Really Have It All?—Designing Multifunctionality with Sustainable Urban Drainage System Elements," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-20, March.
    3. Liu, Wen & Chen, Weiping & Peng, Chi, 2014. "Assessing the effectiveness of green infrastructures on urban flooding reduction: A community scale study," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 291(C), pages 6-14.
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    5. Barbara Sowińska-Świerkosz & Julia Wójcik-Madej & Malwina Michalik-Śnieżek, 2021. "An Assessment of the Ecological Landscape Quality (ELQ) of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) Based on Existing Elements of Green and Blue Infrastructure (GBI)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-18, October.

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