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A Sustainable Alternative for Cosmetic Applications: NADES Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Hazelnut By-Products

Author

Listed:
  • Grazia Federica Bencresciuto

    (Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Turin, Italy)

  • Monica Carnevale

    (Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via della Pascolare 16, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy)

  • Enrico Paris

    (Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via della Pascolare 16, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy)

  • Francesco Gallucci

    (Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via della Pascolare 16, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy)

  • Enrico Santangelo

    (Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via della Pascolare 16, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy)

  • Carmela Anna Migliori

    (Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Turin, Italy)

Abstract

Hazelnut processing generates a variety of by-products, including skins, shells, and defatted (DFT) flour, which contain valuable bioactive compounds. These by-products are rich in polyphenols, fibers, and other molecules that are suitable for incorporation into nutraceutical and cosmetic products. The efficiency of three natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), such as betaine/sorbitol/water (BS), fructose/lactic acid/water (FL), and fructose/glycerol/water (FG) was compared with a control (C) extractant (ethanol/water). These NADES were combined with two extraction techniques: a conventional method involving heat and magnetic stirring, and ultra-sound-assisted extraction (US). The free radical scavenging capacity (FRC), total phenolic content (TPC), and the polyphenolic profile (HPLC) were evaluated. BS NADES exhibited superior efficiency for the extraction from the skin and shell, while FL was optimal for defatted flour. Although the skin is the least abundant hazelnut processing by-product, it exhibited the highest polyphenol content and antiradical activity, indicating potential for cosmetic applications. The suitability of DFT flour, skin, and the residual panel of extracts for thermochemical and biochemical conversion processes was investigated. Some of the materials were found to be conducive to thermochemical conversion, while others were suitable for anaerobic digestion.

Suggested Citation

  • Grazia Federica Bencresciuto & Monica Carnevale & Enrico Paris & Francesco Gallucci & Enrico Santangelo & Carmela Anna Migliori, 2025. "A Sustainable Alternative for Cosmetic Applications: NADES Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Hazelnut By-Products," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-21, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:4:p:1516-:d:1589487
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Selene Ollani & Cristiana Peano & Francesco Sottile, 2024. "Recent Innovations on the Reuse of Almond and Hazelnut By-Products: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-33, March.
    2. Anna Borkowska & Kamila Klimek & Grzegorz Maj & Magdalena Kapłan, 2024. "Analysis of the Energy Potential of Hazelnut Husk Depending on the Variety," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-16, August.
    3. Jean de Dieu Marcel Ufitikirezi & Martin Filip & Mohammad Ghorbani & Tomáš Zoubek & Pavel Olšan & Roman Bumbálek & Miroslav Strob & Petr Bartoš & Sandra Nicole Umurungi & Yves Theoneste Murindangabo &, 2024. "Agricultural Waste Valorization: Exploring Environmentally Friendly Approaches to Bioenergy Conversion," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-24, April.
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