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Activated Biochar from Pineapple Crown Biomass: A High-Efficiency Adsorbent for Organic Dye Removal

Author

Listed:
  • Francisco J. Cano

    (Institute of Molecules & Materials of Le Mans (IMMM)—UMR CNRS 6283, Le Mans Université, 72000 Le Mans, France
    Programa de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, CINVESTAV—IPN, Av. IPN 2508 Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico)

  • Odín Reyes-Vallejo

    (Sección de Electrónica de Estado Sólido-Ingeniería Eléctrica (SEES), CINVESTAV—IPN, San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico)

  • Rocío Magdalena Sánchez-Albores

    (Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas (UNACH), Ocozocoautla de Espinosa 29140, Mexico)

  • Pathiyamattom Joseph Sebastian

    (Instituto de Energías Renovables-UNAM (IER-UNAM), Temixco 62580, Mexico)

  • Abumalé Cruz-Salomón

    (Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas (UNACH), Ocozocoautla de Espinosa 29140, Mexico)

  • Maritza del Carmen Hernández-Cruz

    (Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas (UNACH), Ocozocoautla de Espinosa 29140, Mexico)

  • Wilber Montejo-López

    (Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas (UNACH), Ocozocoautla de Espinosa 29140, Mexico)

  • Mayram González Reyes

    (Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas (UNACH), Ocozocoautla de Espinosa 29140, Mexico)

  • Rocío del Pilar Serrano Ramirez

    (Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas (UNACH), Ocozocoautla de Espinosa 29140, Mexico)

  • Héctor Hiram Torres-Ventura

    (Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas (UNACH), Ocozocoautla de Espinosa 29140, Mexico)

Abstract

Renowned for its versatility in environmental applications, biochar exhibits substantial potential to enhance anaerobic digestion, facilitate carbon sequestration, and improve water treatment through its highly efficient adsorption mechanisms. This study focuses on biochar derived from pineapple crown biomass, produced through slow pyrolysis, and its efficiency in removing organic dyes from contaminated water. The structural, morphological, and surface properties of both biochar and chemically activated biochar samples were comprehensively characterized using a range of techniques, including XRD, FTIR, XPS, BET surface area analysis, and SEM microscopy. The adsorption performance was evaluated using methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RhB), and malachite green (MG) dyes as model contaminants, with particular emphasis on the contact time on dye removal efficiency. Initial results showed removal rates of 10.8%, 37.5%, and 88.4% for RhB, MB, and MG, respectively. Notably, chemical activation significantly enhanced the adsorption efficiency, achieving complete (100%) removal of all tested dyes. Complete adsorption of MB and MG occurred within 9 min, indicating rapid adsorption kinetics. Adsorption data fit well with pseudo-second-order kinetics (R 2 = 0.9748–0.9999), and the Langmuir isotherm (R 2 = 0.9770–0.9998) suggested monolayer adsorption with chemical interactions between dyes and biochar. The intraparticle diffusion model further clarified the adsorption mechanisms. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of activated biochar for dye removal and highlight the potential of pineapple crown biomass in environmental remediation.

Suggested Citation

  • Francisco J. Cano & Odín Reyes-Vallejo & Rocío Magdalena Sánchez-Albores & Pathiyamattom Joseph Sebastian & Abumalé Cruz-Salomón & Maritza del Carmen Hernández-Cruz & Wilber Montejo-López & Mayram Gon, 2024. "Activated Biochar from Pineapple Crown Biomass: A High-Efficiency Adsorbent for Organic Dye Removal," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-23, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2024:i:1:p:99-:d:1554148
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chiappero, Marco & Norouzi, Omid & Hu, Mingyu & Demichelis, Francesca & Berruti, Franco & Di Maria, Francesco & Mašek, Ondřej & Fiore, Silvia, 2020. "Review of biochar role as additive in anaerobic digestion processes," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    2. Liaqat Ali & Arkom Palamanit & Kuaanan Techato & Asad Ullah & Md. Shahariar Chowdhury & Khamphe Phoungthong, 2022. "Characteristics of Biochars Derived from the Pyrolysis and Co-Pyrolysis of Rubberwood Sawdust and Sewage Sludge for Further Applications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-21, March.
    3. Bryan Díaz & Alicia Sommer-Márquez & Paola E. Ordoñez & Ernesto Bastardo-González & Marvin Ricaurte & Carlos Navas-Cárdenas, 2024. "Synthesis Methods, Properties, and Modifications of Biochar-Based Materials for Wastewater Treatment: A Review," Resources, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-33, January.
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