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Malachite Green Dye Removal in Water by Using Biochar Produced from Pinus patula Pellet Gasification in a Reverse Downdraft Reactor

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  • Hillary Henao-Toro

    (Grupo de Investigación Energía Alternativa—GEA, Faculta de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 67 No. 53–108, Medellín 1226, Colombia)

  • Juan F. Pérez

    (Grupo de Manejo Eficiente de la Energía (GIMEL), Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 67 No. 53–108, Medellín 1226, Colombia)

  • Ainhoa Rubio-Clemente

    (Grupo de Investigación Energía Alternativa—GEA, Faculta de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 67 No. 53–108, Medellín 1226, Colombia
    Escuela Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 67 No. 53–108, Medellín 1226, Colombia)

Abstract

The efficiency of the elimination of malachite green dye (MG) in water was investigated using biochar (BC) obtained from Pinus patula wood pellets (BC-WP). The biomass was gasified, reaching a temperature of 391.07 °C near the reactor wall. During the adsorption tests, three independent factors were considered: the solution pH, BC concentration, and the BC particle size, which were optimized using different study ranges (4–10, 6–12 g/L, and 150–600 μm, respectively) at 30 min of contact time. The response surface methodology was used through a face-centered central composite design for this purpose. The experimental results were analyzed to develop a quadratic regression model that fitted the experimental data achieved. The highest removal percentage of MG by BC-WP (94.25%) was attained under a solution pH of 10, a BC concentration of 12 g/L, and an average BC particle size of 225 μm. Furthermore, the validated regression model was found to explain 94.72% of the obtained results, demonstrating the ability of BC-WP to remove the target dye. Thus, a new and sustainable alternative to conventional systems for treating dye-polluted water is proposed, utilizing the solid by-product of the thermochemical process, contributing to the circular economy.

Suggested Citation

  • Hillary Henao-Toro & Juan F. Pérez & Ainhoa Rubio-Clemente, 2024. "Malachite Green Dye Removal in Water by Using Biochar Produced from Pinus patula Pellet Gasification in a Reverse Downdraft Reactor," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:24:p:11043-:d:1545239
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