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Anti-Erosion Effectiveness of Selected Crops in Sustainable Mountain Agriculture in a Warming Climate

Author

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  • Joanna Puła

    (Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture, Mickiewicz 21 Ave, 31-120 Krakow, Poland)

  • Kazimierz Klima

    (Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture, Mickiewicz 21 Ave, 31-120 Krakow, Poland)

  • Angelika Kliszcz

    (Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture, Mickiewicz 21 Ave, 31-120 Krakow, Poland)

  • Andrzej Lepiarczyk

    (Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture, Mickiewicz 21 Ave, 31-120 Krakow, Poland)

Abstract

Mountain ecosystems are among the most difficult areas for plant cultivation due to water erosion occurring on the slopes. Growing plants in these areas may lead to a weakening of ecosystem functions and in degradation of these areas and threatens sustainability. In this experiment, the anti-erosion effectiveness of maize, oat and spring vetch were assessed through the measuring of LAI and sheet wash from a slope where cultivation had occurred. Averaged values from the six years field experiment (2017–2022) reveal that maize achieved maximum soil protection between the 115th and 128th day of vegetation (14 days), when the LAI value equals to 3.8–4.0. The corresponding values for oats were 63–81 days of vegetation (19 days; LAI 2.4–2.7). The longest period of maximum soil protection was achieved from the cultivation of spring vetch compared to maize and oats (between the 49th and 82nd day of its vegetation, i.e., 34 days), when the LAI value was in the range of 2.2–3.0. Soil cover at their maximum development is conservative compared to mountain ecosystems, and in the case of the studied plants, the protection time varied. These relationships were quantified by simple regression equations. Additionally, taking into account the compiled climate data, the average air temperature in the years of research (2017–2022) was higher than the multi-year average (1961–2000) by 2.15 °C, which may confirm the fact that the climate is warming in the region of Southern Poland.

Suggested Citation

  • Joanna Puła & Kazimierz Klima & Angelika Kliszcz & Andrzej Lepiarczyk, 2024. "Anti-Erosion Effectiveness of Selected Crops in Sustainable Mountain Agriculture in a Warming Climate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:18:p:8212-:d:1482386
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Václav BRANT & Petr ZÁBRANSKÝ & Michaela ŠKEŘÍKOVÁ & Jan PIVEC & Milan KROULÍK & Luděk PROCHÁZKA, 2017. "Effect of row width on splash erosion and throughfall in silage maize crops," Soil and Water Research, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 12(1), pages 39-50.
    2. Jihui Fan & Artemis Motamedi & Majid Galoie, 2021. "Impact of C factor of USLE technique on the accuracy of soil erosion modeling in elevated mountainous area (case study: the Tibetan plateau)," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(8), pages 12615-12630, August.
    3. Kazimierz Klima & Agnieszka Synowiec & Joanna Puła & Maciej Chowaniak & Katarzyna Pużyńska & Dorota Gala-Czekaj & Angelika Kliszcz & Patryk Galbas & Beata Jop & Teresa Dąbkowska & Andrzej Lepiarczyk, 2020. "Long-Term Productive, Competitive, and Economic Aspects of Spring Cereal Mixtures in Integrated and Organic Crop Rotations," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-13, June.
    4. Yuhan Wang & Chenyujing Yang & Yuanyuan Zhang & Yongji Xue, 2023. "Mountainous Areas: Alleviating the Shortage of Cultivated Land Caused by Changing Dietary Structure in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-19, July.
    5. K. Klima & B. Wiśniowska-Kielian, 2006. "Anti-erosion effectiveness of selected crops and the relation to leaf area index (LAI)," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 52(1), pages 35-40.
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