IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v16y2024i17p7728-d1472055.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Community Implementation of the ASEAN Community-Based Tourism (CBT) Standard: An Executive Stakeholder Study on Lao PDR

Author

Listed:
  • Suyoun Kim

    (Tourism Industry Data Analytics Lab (TIDAL), Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea)

  • Yeong Hye Yoon

    (Global MICE Major, Dongduk Women’s University, Seoul 02748, Republic of Korea)

  • Jin-young Kim

    (Department of Hotel Tourism Management, Dong Seoul University, Seongnam-si 13117, Republic of Korea)

  • Seul Ki Lee

    (Tourism Industry Data Analytics Lab (TIDAL), Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

The ASEAN Community-based Tourism (CBT) Standard was adopted by 10 ASEAN member states in 2016 in order to collectively promote the ASEAN region as a competitive and sustainable community-based tourism destination and to enhance sustainable tourism provision through ASEAN criteria. Among the ten ASEAN member states, Lao PDR (Laos) has a unique CBT development experience through collaboration with various international development agencies that started in 1999. Such a history brought about issues when the ASEAN CBT Standard was implemented at the provincial and district levels in Laos, including the concerns of related communities on the ASEAN CBT Standard not being easily applicable considering the state of tourism development. While the adoption and application of the regional standard called the ASEAN CBT Standard is a significant collective enforcement involving the tourism industries in ASEAN, there has been a lack of studies regarding the dynamics of the implementation of regional tourism standards at the national level. In order to fill this research gap, this study utilized in-depth interviews with seven executives with significant experiences from the government, international development agency, international organization, and private sectors. Interviewees give a diversity of perspectives on the enabling factors and challenges in implementing the ASEAN CBT Standard at the national level (focusing on Laos), which showed the complexity of CBT dynamics and necessity of good governance. The results also revealed how regional standards can be further recognized, promoted, sustainable to the key stakeholders of the Laos tourism industry, better accepted and utilized by end users, and possibly better customized according to the local circumstances for sustainable tourism development. The findings of this study evidence that collaboration among key stakeholders and the expected roles of these stakeholders are critical when implementing the ASEAN CBT Standard.

Suggested Citation

  • Suyoun Kim & Yeong Hye Yoon & Jin-young Kim & Seul Ki Lee, 2024. "Community Implementation of the ASEAN Community-Based Tourism (CBT) Standard: An Executive Stakeholder Study on Lao PDR," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-17, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:17:p:7728-:d:1472055
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/17/7728/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/17/7728/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Robert Weber, 1983. "Measurement models for content analysis," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 127-149, April.
    2. Seweryn Zielinski & Yoonjeong Jeong & Seong-il Kim & Celene B. Milanés, 2020. "Why Community-Based Tourism and Rural Tourism in Developing and Developed Nations are Treated Differently? A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-21, July.
    3. Judy Gray & Iain Densten, 1998. "Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis Using Latent and Manifest Variables," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 32(4), pages 419-431, November.
    4. Rachel Dodds & Alisha Ali & Kelly Galaski, 2018. "Mobilizing knowledge: determining key elements for success and pitfalls in developing community-based tourism," Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(13), pages 1547-1568, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Timika Aryani Anindhita & Seweryn Zielinski & Celene B. Milanes & Young-joo Ahn, 2024. "The Protection of Natural and Cultural Landscapes through Community-Based Tourism: The Case of the Indigenous Kamoro Tribe in West Papua, Indonesia," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-23, August.
    2. Daniela Hutárová & Ivana Kozelová & Jana Špulerová, 2021. "Tourism Development Options in Marginal and Less-Favored Regions: A Case Study of Slovakia´s Gemer Region," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-23, February.
    3. Bouckenooghe, Dave & Schwarz, Gavin M. & Kanar, Adam & Sanders, Karin, 2021. "Revisiting research on attitudes toward organizational change: Bibliometric analysis and content facet analysis," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 137-148.
    4. Carl Roberts, 2000. "A Conceptual Framework for Quantitative Text Analysis," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 34(3), pages 259-274, August.
    5. Xiaomin Sun & Jing Qing & Syed Ahsan Ali Shah & Yasir Ahmed Solangi, 2023. "Exploring the Complex Nexus between Sustainable Development and Green Tourism through Advanced GMM Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-20, July.
    6. Andrei Kirilenko & Svetlana Stepchenkova & Rebecca Romsdahl & Kristine Mattis, 2012. "Computer-assisted analysis of public discourse: a case study of the precautionary principle in the US and UK press," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 46(2), pages 501-522, February.
    7. Robert Hogenraad & Dean Mckenzie & Normand Péladeau, 2003. "Force and Influence in Content Analysis: The Production of New Social Knowledge," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 37(3), pages 221-238, August.
    8. Tanja Mihalic, 2024. "Trends in Sustainable Tourism Paradigm: Resilience and Adaptation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-17, September.
    9. Klingemann, Hans-Dieter, 1984. "Computerunterstützte Inhaltsanalyse und sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, pages 7-14.
    10. Bal, Frans & Nijkamp, Peter, 2001. "In search of valid results in a complex economic environment: The potential of meta-analysis and value transfer," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 128(2), pages 364-384, January.
    11. Stavros Kalogiannidis & Christina-Ioanna Papadopoulou & Efstratios Loizou & Fotios Chatzitheodoridis, 2023. "Risk, Vulnerability, and Resilience in Agriculture and Their Impact on Sustainable Rural Economy Development: A Case Study of Greece," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-20, June.
    12. Michael Kaplowitz, 2000. "Statistical Analysis of Sensitive Topics in Group and Individual Interviews," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 34(4), pages 419-431, November.
    13. Tek B. Dangi & James F. Petrick, 2021. "Augmenting the Role of Tourism Governance in Addressing Destination Justice, Ethics, and Equity for Sustainable Community-Based Tourism," Tourism and Hospitality, MDPI, vol. 2(1), pages 1-28, January.
    14. Yasir Rashid, Muhammad Zeeshan, 2018. "Customer Attitude towards Online Ads of Smartphone Brands: A Netnographic Analysis of User Generated Comments on YouTube," Journal of Management Sciences, Geist Science, Iqra University, Faculty of Business Administration, vol. 5(2), pages 40-64, October.
    15. Robert Weber, 1986. "Correlational models of content: reply to Muskens," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 20(2), pages 273-275, June.
    16. Nijkamp, Peter & Vindigni, Gabriella & Nunes, Paulo A.L.D., 2008. "Economic valuation of biodiversity: A comparative study," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 67(2), pages 217-231, September.
    17. Shan, Yuan George, 2019. "Do corporate governance and disclosure tone drive voluntary disclosure of related-party transactions in China?," Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 30-48.
    18. Yari Tatiana Meza-Osorio & Gabriela Mendoza-González & M. Luisa Martínez, 2024. "Sun and Sand Ecotourism Management for Sustainable Development in Sisal, Yucatán, Mexico," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-18, October.
    19. repec:ags:aaea22:335960 is not listed on IDEAS
    20. Peter Geurts & Hans Roosendaal, 2001. "Estimating the Direction of Innovative Change Based on Theory and Mixed Methods," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 35(4), pages 407-427, November.
    21. York, Qi Yan & Zhang, Hanqin Qiu, 2010. "The determinants of the 1999 and 2007 Chinese Golden Holiday System: A content analysis of official documentation," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(6), pages 881-890.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:17:p:7728-:d:1472055. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.