IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i12p9420-d1169121.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Theoretical Study and Experimental Validation on the Applicable Refrigerant for Space Heating Air Source Heat Pump

Author

Listed:
  • Jinzhe Nie

    (Beijing Key Lab of Heating, Gas Supply, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China)

  • Kaiqiao Wang

    (Beijing Key Lab of Heating, Gas Supply, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China)

  • Xiangrui Kong

    (Architectural Engineering College, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Sanhe 065201, China)

  • Han Zhang

    (Jinmao Green Building Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100012, China)

  • Shuai Zhang

    (China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100029, China)

Abstract

The air source heat pump (ASHP) is developing rapidly and is widely used for space heating due to its potential for increasing energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The choice of appropriate low global warming potential (GWP) alternative refrigerants is one of the challenges that ASHP systems face. Alternative refrigerants also affect the energy performance of these systems. Thus, it is essential to evaluate the performance of ASHP using environmentally friendly refrigerants to facilitate reasonable refrigerant selection. A theoretical model for simulating ASHP performance with different refrigerants is developed in this study. Experiments are conducted to validate the theoretical model. The simulation and the experimental results are found to be in good agreement. The ASHP performance indices, such as compression ratio (CR), discharging temperature (DT) and coefficients of performance (COP), are investigated using R22, R417A, R410A, R134a, R152a, R161 and R1234yf as working fluids. The results show that R152a has an average COP of 2.7% higher than R22, and R161 has an average COP of 1.4% higher than R22. R152a and R161 also have a higher CR but a lower DT than R22 under the same design conditions. In addition, R152a and R161 have ozone depletion potentials (ODP) of zero and extremely low GWPs; thus, they can be candidates to replace R22 in ASHP heating systems. This research provides a reference on refrigerant replacements for ASHP heating systems in North China.

Suggested Citation

  • Jinzhe Nie & Kaiqiao Wang & Xiangrui Kong & Han Zhang & Shuai Zhang, 2023. "Theoretical Study and Experimental Validation on the Applicable Refrigerant for Space Heating Air Source Heat Pump," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-21, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:12:p:9420-:d:1169121
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/12/9420/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/12/9420/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. S. Tao & M. Y. Ru & W. Du & X. Zhu & Q. R. Zhong & B. G. Li & G. F. Shen & X. L. Pan & W. J. Meng & Y. L. Chen & H. Z. Shen & N. Lin & S. Su & S. J. Zhuo & T. B. Huang & Y. Xu & X. Yun & J. F. Liu & X, 2018. "Quantifying the rural residential energy transition in China from 1992 to 2012 through a representative national survey," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 3(7), pages 567-573, July.
    2. Peng, Liqun & Zhang, Qiang & Yao, Zhiliang & Mauzerall, Denise L. & Kang, Sicong & Du, Zhenyu & Zheng, Yixuan & Xue, Tao & He, Kebin, 2019. "Underreported coal in statistics: A survey-based solid fuel consumption and emission inventory for the rural residential sector in China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 1169-1182.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ying Sheng, 2024. "Advanced Technologies on Indoor Environment Quality in Sustainable Buildings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-3, August.
    2. Angeliki Kitsopoulou & Antonis Zacharis & Nikolaos Ziozas & Evangelos Bellos & Petros Iliadis & Ioannis Lampropoulos & Eleni Chatzigeorgiou & Komninos Angelakoglou & Nikolaos Nikolopoulos, 2023. "Dynamic Energy Analysis of Different Heat Pump Heating Systems Exploiting Renewable Energy Sources," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-36, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Wang, Shaobin & Zhao, Chao & Liu, Hanbin & Tian, Xinglei, 2021. "Exploring the spatial spillover effects of low-grade coal consumption and influencing factors in China," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    2. Shu Wu, 2021. "The Health Impact of Household Cooking Fuel Choice on Women: Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-18, November.
    3. Li, Meng & Jin, Tianyu & Liu, Shenglong & Zhou, Shaojie, 2021. "The cost of clean energy transition in rural China: Evidence based on marginal treatment effects," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
    4. Wu, Shu & Han, Hongyun, 2022. "Energy transition, intensity growth, and policy evolution: Evidence from rural China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    5. Zhang, Lixiao & Yang, Min & Zhang, Pengpeng & Hao, Yan & Lu, Zhongming & Shi, Zhimin, 2021. "De-coal process in urban China: What can we learn from Beijing's experience?," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    6. Anne Berit Petersen & Natassia Muffley & Khamphithoun Somsamouth & Pramil N. Singh, 2019. "Smoked Tobacco, Air Pollution, and Tuberculosis in Lao PDR: Findings from a National Sample," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-13, August.
    7. Yang, Aoxi & Wang, Yahui, 2023. "Transition of household cooking energy in China since the 1980s," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    8. Xu, Shang & Zhang, Jun, 2023. "The welfare impacts of removing coal subsidies in rural China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    9. Ru Fang, Yan & Zhang, Silu & Zhou, Ziqiao & Shi, Wenjun & Hui Xie, Guang, 2022. "Sustainable development in China: Valuation of bioenergy potential and CO2 reduction from crop straw," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 322(C).
    10. Cao, Jing & Ma, Rong, 2023. "Mitigating agricultural fires with carrot or stick? Evidence from China," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    11. Chao Yue & Mengyang Xu & Philippe Ciais & Shu Tao & Huizhong Shen & Jinfeng Chang & Wei Li & Lei Deng & Junhao He & Yi Leng & Yu Li & Jiaming Wang & Can Xu & Han Zhang & Pengyi Zhang & Liankai Zhang &, 2024. "Contributions of ecological restoration policies to China’s land carbon balance," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, December.
    12. Zhao, B.C. & Li, T.X. & Gao, J.C. & Wang, R.Z., 2020. "Latent heat thermal storage using salt hydrates for distributed building heating: A multi-level scale-up research," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    13. Wei, Kai & Zhang, Zuopeng Justin & Lin, Boqiang, 2024. "Does news propaganda really affect residents’ electricity rebound effect: New evidence of non-price information," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    14. Han, Jiashi & Zhang, Lei & Li, Yang, 2022. "Spatiotemporal analysis of rural energy transition and upgrading in developing countries: The case of China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    15. Liquan Xu & Yong Geng & Dong Wu & Chenyi Zhang & Shijiang Xiao, 2021. "Carbon Footprint of Residents’ Housing Consumption and Its Driving Forces in China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-16, June.
    16. Teng Ma & Silu Zhang & Yilong Xiao & Xiaorui Liu & Minghao Wang & Kai Wu & Guofeng Shen & Chen Huang & Yan Ru Fang & Yang Xie, 2023. "Costs and health benefits of the rural energy transition to carbon neutrality in China," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
    17. Li, Jianglong & Chen, Chang & Liu, Hongxun, 2019. "Transition from non-commercial to commercial energy in rural China: Insights from the accessibility and affordability," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 392-403.
    18. Luigi Dolores & Maria Macchiaroli & Gianluigi De Mare, 2022. "Financial Impacts of the Energy Transition in Housing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-17, April.
    19. Zhang, Lingyue & Li, Hui & Chen, Tianqi & Liao, Hua, 2022. "Health effects of cooking fuel transition: A dynamic perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    20. Liu, Pihui & Han, Chuanfeng & Liu, Xinghua & Teng, Minmin, 2023. "Assessing the effect of nonfarm income on the household cooking energy transition in rural China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    COP; air source heat pump; global warming potential; R152a; R161;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:12:p:9420-:d:1169121. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.