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Impact of Ship Emissions on Air Quality in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA): With a Particular Focus on the Role of Onshore Wind

Author

Listed:
  • Qinyu Cheng

    (Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)

  • Xiaotong Wang

    (Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)

  • Dongsheng Chen

    (Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)

  • Yizhe Ma

    (Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)

  • Ying Zhao

    (Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)

  • Jianghong Hao

    (Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)

  • Xiurui Guo

    (Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)

  • Jianlei Lang

    (Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)

  • Ying Zhou

    (Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)

Abstract

Background: ship emissions have an adverse effect on air quality in coastal regions, and this effect can be exacerbated by onshore winds. Objectives and methods: to investigate the impact of ship emissions on air pollutant concentrations during the onshore wind period in a low-latitude region in China, this study applied the WRF/Chem model to simulate the contribution of ship emissions to PM 2.5 and O 3 by “zero-out” in 2018, in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). Results/findings: results show that the onshore winds facilitated the transport of ship-emitted pollutants to inland areas, causing the contribution of ship emissions to PM 2.5 exceeding 4 μg/m 3 to areas north of Guangzhou in April and west of the GBA in October. The impact of onshore winds on the ship contribution to the O 3 concentration shows a bidirectional trend both spatially and monthly. The onshore winds raised the ship contribution to O 3 concentrations in April by 1.54 μg/m 3 , while exacerbated the decreasing contribution in other months. In VOC-sensitive cities such as Foshan, onshore winds exacerbated the negative contribution of ship emissions to O 3 concentrations; while in NOx-sensitive cities such as Huizhou, they enhanced the contribution of ship-induced O 3 . Novelty/Improvement: this paper fills a gap in the study of pollutants transportation characteristics from ship emissions under the influence of onshore winds in the GBA. Our results demonstrate the importance of considering meteorological conditions and atmospheric chemical mechanisms regarding the coastal air pollution prevention caused by ship emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Qinyu Cheng & Xiaotong Wang & Dongsheng Chen & Yizhe Ma & Ying Zhao & Jianghong Hao & Xiurui Guo & Jianlei Lang & Ying Zhou, 2023. "Impact of Ship Emissions on Air Quality in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA): With a Particular Focus on the Role of Onshore Wind," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-23, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:11:p:8820-:d:1159676
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Peng, Liqun & Zhang, Qiang & Yao, Zhiliang & Mauzerall, Denise L. & Kang, Sicong & Du, Zhenyu & Zheng, Yixuan & Xue, Tao & He, Kebin, 2019. "Underreported coal in statistics: A survey-based solid fuel consumption and emission inventory for the rural residential sector in China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 1169-1182.
    3. Kevin Capaldo & James J. Corbett & Prasad Kasibhatla & Paul Fischbeck & Spyros N. Pandis, 1999. "Effects of ship emissions on sulphur cycling and radiative climate forcing over the ocean," Nature, Nature, vol. 400(6746), pages 743-746, August.
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