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Smart Bio-Agents-Activated Sustainable Self-Healing Cementitious Materials: An All-Inclusive Overview on Progress, Benefits and Challenges

Author

Listed:
  • Ghasan Fahim Huseien

    (Department of the Built Environment, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117566, Singapore)

  • Moncef L. Nehdi

    (Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M6, Canada)

  • Iman Faridmehr

    (Institute of Architecture and Construction, South Ural State University, Lenin Prospect 76, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia)

  • Sib Krishna Ghoshal

    (Department of Physics, AOMRG & Laser Centre, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Malaysia)

  • Hussein K. Hamzah

    (Department of Reinforced Concrete Constructions, Faculty of Civil, Agricultural and Industrial, Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest, Bulevardul Lacul Tei 124, Sect. 2, 020396 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Omrane Benjeddou

    (Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 16273, Saudi Arabia)

  • Fahed Alrshoudi

    (Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

Cementitious materials deteriorate progressively with the formation of cracks that occur due to diverse physical, chemical, thermal, and biological processes. Numerous strategies have been adopted to obtain cement-based self-healing materials and determine the novel self-healing mechanisms. The uses of microbes have been established to improve the thickness of the healed crack and mechanical properties of the concrete, a phenomenon seldom addressed in the literature. Based on these factors, this article comprehensively appraises the smart bio-agents-based autonomous healing performance of concrete to demonstrate the recent progress, expected benefits, and ongoing challenges. The fundamentals, design strategies, and efficacy of the smart bio-agents-activated self-healing cementitious materials are the recurring themes of this overview. Furthermore, the effects of various processing parameters on the performance of cementitious self-healing smart bio-agents are discussed in-depth. The achievements, knowledge gaps, and needs for future research in this ever-evolving area for the sustainability and resilience of the built environment are highlighted.

Suggested Citation

  • Ghasan Fahim Huseien & Moncef L. Nehdi & Iman Faridmehr & Sib Krishna Ghoshal & Hussein K. Hamzah & Omrane Benjeddou & Fahed Alrshoudi, 2022. "Smart Bio-Agents-Activated Sustainable Self-Healing Cementitious Materials: An All-Inclusive Overview on Progress, Benefits and Challenges," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-37, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:1980-:d:745609
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. S. R. White & N. R. Sottos & P. H. Geubelle & J. S. Moore & M. R. Kessler & S. R. Sriram & E. N. Brown & S. Viswanathan, 2001. "Autonomic healing of polymer composites," Nature, Nature, vol. 409(6822), pages 794-797, February.
    2. Fahim Huseien, Ghasan & Mirza, Jahangir & Ismail, Mohammad & Ghoshal, S.K. & Abdulameer Hussein, Ahmed, 2017. "Geopolymer mortars as sustainable repair material: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 54-74.
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