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Policy Recommendations for Handling Brain Drains to Provide Sustainability in Emerging Economies

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  • Shahriyar Mukhtarov

    (Faculty of Economics and International Relations, Vistula University, Stoklosy 3, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
    UNEC Empirical Research Center, Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC), Baku AZ1141, Azerbaijan)

  • Hasan Dinçer

    (The School of Business, Istanbul Medipol University, İstanbul 34810, Turkey)

  • Halim Baş

    (The Faculty of Economics, Marmara University, İstanbul 34722, Turkey)

  • Serhat Yüksel

    (The School of Business, Istanbul Medipol University, İstanbul 34810, Turkey)

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify the most significant issues to handle brain drains to provide sustainability in emerging economies. In this framework, a new model has been created that consists of two different stages for this situation. Firstly, necessary criteria are identified based on the key items of the balanced scorecard approach. These factors are weighted by using a bipolar q-rung orthopair fuzzy multi stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (BOFQ M-SWARA) approach with golden ratio. Next, seven emerging economies are ranked with respect to their performance in decreasing brain drains by BOFQ, the elimination and choice of translating reality (ELECTRE) with the golden ratio. An evaluation is also carried out with intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) and Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PFSs) to test the validity of the findings. The results are similar for all different fuzzy sets, which indicates that the findings are quite coherent and reliable. The most important factor in reducing brain drain has been identified as technical competency. It would be appropriate for countries to provide tax exemptions for research and development studies. This situation can easily attract the attention of companies, as it will contribute to the reduction of costs. Thus, it will be easier to provide technological innovations in the country in the future. Thanks to technological development, it is possible to increase the productivity of enterprises in the country. In this way, the brain drain problem can be minimized as qualified personnel stay in the country. With the high number of qualified people in the country, it will be possible to produce eco-innovative products and develop clean energy technology. Due to this issue, sustainability can be provided in the economic development of emerging economies.

Suggested Citation

  • Shahriyar Mukhtarov & Hasan Dinçer & Halim Baş & Serhat Yüksel, 2022. "Policy Recommendations for Handling Brain Drains to Provide Sustainability in Emerging Economies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-24, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:23:p:16244-:d:994300
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    2. Afzal, Ayesha & Hasnaoui, Jamila & Noor, Ramsha & Banerjee, Arindam, 2023. "Is saving the non-renewable resources worthwhile? Evidence of paradox of plenty on human capital development," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    3. Halim Bas, 2022. "The Virtual Brain Drain in Turkey: A Qualitative Research on Remote Employees’ Experiences in Foreign Firms," Istanbul Journal of Economics-Istanbul Iktisat Dergisi, Istanbul University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 72(72-2), pages 915-951, December.

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