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A Study on the Motivation of Older Adults to Participate in Exercise or Physical Fitness Activities

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  • Tsai-Hsuan Tsai

    (Master of Science Degree Program in Innovation for Smart Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
    Department of Industrial Design, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
    Graduate Institute of Business and Management, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
    Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan)

  • Alice M. Wong

    (Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
    Product Design and Development Laboratory, Taoyuan 33343, Taiwan)

  • Hsiu-Feng Lee

    (Graduate Institute of Business and Management, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan)

  • Kevin C. Tseng

    (Product Design and Development Laboratory, Taoyuan 33343, Taiwan
    Department of Industrial Design, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan)

Abstract

Studies have found that older adults often experience severe problems due to a lack of exercise, including an increased risk of falls, increased psychological problems and reduced social participation. However, the practicality and sustainability of exercise or physical fitness activities among older adults are questionable because these adults may face physical and psychological obstacles. Hence, this study proposed a research model to explore the physical fitness behaviours of the elderly subjects and the specific factors for maintaining their motivation to participate in exercise or physical fitness activities. A survey for a total of 101 subjects of residents of Chang Gung Health and Culture Village (CGHCV) was conducted to investigate the effects of the elderly’s group identification and psychological proximity on their attitude and intention toward physical fitness. The results show that the group identification of the physical fitness activities, psychological proximity, intention toward physical fitness and subjective norms of the subjects did not affect their attitudes towards physical fitness or their intention to participate in exercise or physical fitness activities in the future. Therefore, the influence of group identification with other older adults of the same age on empathy allowed the subjects to understand the problematic aspects of physical fitness. Group identification among the subjects allowed them to adjust to their physical fitness problems through sympathy. It mediated the physical fitness problems of the subjects through the ageism effect.

Suggested Citation

  • Tsai-Hsuan Tsai & Alice M. Wong & Hsiu-Feng Lee & Kevin C. Tseng, 2022. "A Study on the Motivation of Older Adults to Participate in Exercise or Physical Fitness Activities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-17, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:10:p:6355-:d:822100
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. repec:cup:judgdm:v:4:y:2009:i:4:p:297-306 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
    3. Escalas, Jennifer Edson & Stern, Barbara B, 2003. "Sympathy and Empathy: Emotional Responses to Advertising Dramas," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 29(4), pages 566-578, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Eren Uluoz & Turhan Toros & Emre Bulent Ogras & Cenk Temel & Cihat Korkmaz & Muzaffer Toprak Keskin & Ibrahim Efe Etiler, 2023. "The Impact of Sustainable Exercise and the Number of Pregnancies on Self-Efficacy, Self-Esteem, and Assertiveness Levels in Pregnant Women," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-11, June.

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