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Climate Change Impact and Variability on Cereal Productivity among Smallholder Farmers under Future Production Systems in West Africa

Author

Listed:
  • Dilys S. MacCarthy

    (Soil and Irrigation Research Centre, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Science (CBAS), University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 68 Accra, Ghana)

  • Myriam Adam

    (Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD), UMR Genetic Improvement and Adaptation of Plants (AGAP) Institut, Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
    UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Institut National de la Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Agro, 34000 Montpellier, France
    International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics (ICRISAT), BP 320 Bamako, Mali
    Institut National de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), BP 8645 Ouaga, Burkina Faso)

  • Bright S. Freduah

    (Soil and Irrigation Research Centre, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Science (CBAS), University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 68 Accra, Ghana)

  • Benedicta Yayra Fosu-Mensah

    (Institute for Environment and Sanitation Studies, (IESS), College of Basic and Applied Science (CBAS), University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 209 Accra, Ghana)

  • Peter A. Y. Ampim

    (College of Agriculture and Human Sciences, Prairie View A&M University, P.O. Box 519, MS 2008, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA)

  • Mouhamed Ly

    (Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan Siméon Fongang (LPAOSF-ESP), Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar-Fann 5085, Senegal)

  • Pierre S. Traore

    (International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics (ICRISAT), BP 320 Bamako, Mali
    Manobi Africa PLC, Level 2 Max City Bldg., Remy Ollier St., Port-Louis 11602, Mauritius)

  • Samuel G. K. Adiku

    (Department of Soil Science, School of Agriculture, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 245 Accra, Ghana)

Abstract

Agriculture in West Africa is constrained by several yield-limiting factors, such as poor soil fertility, erratic rainfall distributions and low input systems. Projected changes in climate, thus, pose a threat since crop production is mainly rain-fed. The impact of climate change and its variation on the productivity of cereals in smallholder settings under future production systems in Navrongo, Ghana and Nioro du Rip, Senegal was assessed in this study. Data on management practices obtained from household surveys and projected agricultural development pathways (through stakeholder engagements), soil data, weather data (historical: 1980–2009 and five General Circulation Models; mid-century time slice 2040–2069 for two Representative Concentration Pathways; 4.5 and 8.5) were used for the impact assessment, employing a crop simulation model. Ensemble maize yield changes under the sustainable agricultural development pathway (SDP) were −13 and −16%, while under the unsustainable development pathway (USDP), yield changes were −19 and −20% in Navrongo and Nioro du Rip, respectively. The impact on sorghum and millet were lower than that on maize. Variations in climate change impact among smallholders were high with relative standard deviations (RSD) of between 14% and 60% across the cereals with variability being higher under the USDP, except for millet. Agricultural production systems with higher intensification but with less emphasis on soil conservation (USDP) will be more negatively impacted by climate change compared to relatively sustainable ones (SDP).

Suggested Citation

  • Dilys S. MacCarthy & Myriam Adam & Bright S. Freduah & Benedicta Yayra Fosu-Mensah & Peter A. Y. Ampim & Mouhamed Ly & Pierre S. Traore & Samuel G. K. Adiku, 2021. "Climate Change Impact and Variability on Cereal Productivity among Smallholder Farmers under Future Production Systems in West Africa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-22, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:9:p:5191-:d:549728
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dimitri Defrance & Benjamin Sultan & Mathieu Castets & Adjoua Moise Famien & Christian Baron, 2020. "Impact of Climate Change in West Africa on Cereal Production Per Capita in 2050," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-19, September.
    2. B. Sonneveld & M. Keyzer & P. Adegbola & S. Pande, 2012. "The Impact of Climate Change on Crop Production in West Africa: An Assessment for the Oueme River Basin in Benin," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(2), pages 553-579, January.
    3. Adam, Myriam & MacCarthy, Dilys Sefakor & Traoré, Pierre C. Sibiry & Nenkam, Andree & Freduah, Bright Salah & Ly, Mouhamed & Adiku, Samuel G.K., 2020. "Which is more important to sorghum production systems in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa: Climate change or improved management practices?," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    4. Piara Singh & S. Nedumaran & B. Ntare & K. Boote & N. Singh & K. Srinivas & M. Bantilan, 2014. "Potential benefits of drought and heat tolerance in groundnut for adaptation to climate change in India and West Africa," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 19(5), pages 509-529, June.
    5. Ping-Fu Hou & Yao-Tsung Chang & Jung-Mao Lai & Kuo-Lung Chou & Shun-Fa Tai & Kuan-Chieh Tseng & Chi-Nga Chow & Shuen-Lin Jeng & Hao-Jen Huang & Wen-Chi Chang, 2020. "Long-Term Effects of Fertilizers with Regional Climate Variability on Yield Trends of Sweet Corn," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-17, April.
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