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Ecological Engineering and Restoration of Eroded Muddy Coasts in South East Asia: Knowledge Gaps and Recommendations

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  • Huynh Van Tien

    (Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam)

  • Nguyen Tuan Anh

    (Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam)

  • Nguyen Tan Phong

    (Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam)

  • Mai Le Minh Nhut

    (Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam)

Abstract

Ecological engineering (EE) was employed for developing strategies for stabilizing eroded muddy coasts (EMCs). However, there was a limited analysis of these EE strategies with respect to design, performance, and lessons learned. This study employed a critical review for addressing the limitations. There were four EE models designed with different restoration interventions for stabilizing EMCs. The models using active interventions have not been cost-effective in controlling erosion because the interventions failed to achieve their goals or were costly and unnecessary. Of the two passive intervention models, the one with structures constructed from onshore proved to be more cost-effective in terms of construction costs, the survival rate of transplanted seedlings, and levels of sea mud accumulation. Interventions with adequate consideration of the muddy coastal ecological processes and the ecological reasoning for the positioning of these interventions play a crucial role in stabilizing EMCs. A passive restoration model using gradually expanded interventions should be promoted in order to ensure sustainable management of EMCs in the future.

Suggested Citation

  • Huynh Van Tien & Nguyen Tuan Anh & Nguyen Tan Phong & Mai Le Minh Nhut, 2021. "Ecological Engineering and Restoration of Eroded Muddy Coasts in South East Asia: Knowledge Gaps and Recommendations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-11, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:1248-:d:486717
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    1. Thai Thanh Luom & Nguyen Tan Phong & Nguyen Tuan Anh & Nguyen Thanh Tung & Le Xuan Tu & Tran Anh Duong, 2021. "Using Fine-Grained Sediment and Wave Attenuation as a New Measure for Evaluating the Efficacy of Offshore Breakwaters in Stabilizing an Eroded Muddy Coast: Insights from Ca Mau, the Mekong Delta of Vi," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-17, April.
    2. Nguyen Tan Phong & Thai Thanh Luom, 2021. "Configuration of Allocated Mangrove Areas and Protection of Mangrove-Dominated Muddy Coasts: Knowledge Gaps and Recommendations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-13, June.

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