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A Machine Learning and Internet of Things-Based Online Fault Diagnosis Method for Photovoltaic Arrays

Author

Listed:
  • Adel Mellit

    (Renewable Energy Laboratory, Jijel University, Jijel 18000, Algeria)

  • Omar Herrak

    (Renewable Energy Laboratory, Jijel University, Jijel 18000, Algeria)

  • Catalina Rus Casas

    (Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica y Automática, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain)

  • Alessandro Massi Pavan

    (Department of Engineering and Architecture, Center for Energy, Environment and Transport Giacomo Ciamician, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy)

Abstract

In this paper, a novel fault detection and classification method for photovoltaic (PV) arrays is introduced. The method has been developed using a dataset of voltage and current measurements (I–V curves) which were collected from a small-scale PV system at the RELab, the University of Jijel (Algeria). Two different machine learning-based algorithms have been used in order to detect and classify the faults. An Internet of Things-based application has been used in order to send data to the cloud, while the machine learning codes have been run on a Raspberry Pi 4. A webpage which shows the results and informs the user about the state of the PV array has also been developed. The results show the ability and the feasibility of the developed method, which detects and classifies a number of faults and anomalies (e.g., the accumulation of dust on the PV module surface, permanent shading, the disconnection of a PV module, and the presence of a short-circuited bypass diode in a PV module) with a pretty good accuracy (98% for detection and 96% classification).

Suggested Citation

  • Adel Mellit & Omar Herrak & Catalina Rus Casas & Alessandro Massi Pavan, 2021. "A Machine Learning and Internet of Things-Based Online Fault Diagnosis Method for Photovoltaic Arrays," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:23:p:13203-:d:690524
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mellit, Adel & Kalogirou, Soteris, 2021. "Artificial intelligence and internet of things to improve efficacy of diagnosis and remote sensing of solar photovoltaic systems: Challenges, recommendations and future directions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    2. Mellit, A. & Tina, G.M. & Kalogirou, S.A., 2018. "Fault detection and diagnosis methods for photovoltaic systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 1-17.
    3. Selma Tchoketch Kebir & Nawal Cheggaga & Adrian Ilinca & Sabri Boulouma, 2021. "An Efficient Neural Network-Based Method for Diagnosing Faults of PV Array," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-27, May.
    4. José Miguel Paredes-Parra & Antonio Mateo-Aroca & Guillermo Silvente-Niñirola & María C. Bueso & Ángel Molina-García, 2018. "PV Module Monitoring System Based on Low-Cost Solutions: Wireless Raspberry Application and Assessment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-20, November.
    5. Collin Barker & Sam Cipkar & Tyler Lavigne & Cameron Watson & Maher Azzouz, 2021. "Real-Time Nuisance Fault Detection in Photovoltaic Generation Systems Using a Fine Tree Classifier," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-15, February.
    6. Sufyan Samara & Emad Natsheh, 2020. "Intelligent PV Panels Fault Diagnosis Method Based on NARX Network and Linguistic Fuzzy Rule-Based Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-20, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Adel Mellit & Chadia Zayane & Sahbi Boubaker & Souad Kamel, 2023. "A Sustainable Fault Diagnosis Approach for Photovoltaic Systems Based on Stacking-Based Ensemble Learning Methods," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-15, February.
    2. Mellit, A. & Benghanem, M. & Kalogirou, S. & Massi Pavan, A., 2023. "An embedded system for remote monitoring and fault diagnosis of photovoltaic arrays using machine learning and the internet of things," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 399-408.

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