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Applications Characteristics of Different Biodiesel Blends in Modern Vehicles Engines: A Review

Author

Listed:
  • Dong Lin Loo

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia)

  • Yew Heng Teoh

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia)

  • Heoy Geok How

    (Department of Engineering, School of Engineering, Computing and Built Environment, UOW Malaysia KDU Penang University College, 32 Jalan Anson, Georgetown 10400, Penang, Malaysia)

  • Jun Sheng Teh

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia)

  • Liviu Catalin Andrei

    (Faculty of Public Administration, National University of Political Studies and Public Administration, 012244 București, Romania)

  • Slađana Starčević

    (Department of Economics and Management, FEFA Faculty, Metropolitan University, Bulevar Zorana Đinđića 44, 11070 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Farooq Sher

    (Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK)

Abstract

Two main aspects of the transportation industry are pollution to the environment and depletion of fossil fuels. In the transportation industry, the pollution to the environment can be reduced with the use of cleaner fuel, such as gas-to-liquid fuel, to reduce the exhaust emissions from engines. However, the depletion of fossil fuels is still significant. Biodiesel is a non-toxic, renewable, and biodegradable fuel that is considered an alternative resource to conventional diesel fuel. Even though biodiesel shows advantages as a renewable source, there are still minor drawbacks while operating in diesel engines. Modern vehicle engines are designed to be powered by conventional diesel fuel or gasoline fuel. In this review, the performance, emissions, combustion, and endurance characteristics of different types of diesel engines with various conditions are assessed with biodiesel and blended fuel as well as the effect of biodiesel on the diesel engines. The results show that biodiesel and blended fuel had fewer emissions of CO, HC, and PM but higher NOx emissions than the diesel-fuelled engine. In the endurance test, biodiesel and blended fuel showed less wear and carbon deposits. A high concentration of wear debris was found inside the lubricating oil while the engine operated with biodiesel and blends. The performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics of biodiesel and its blends showed that it can be used in a diesel engine. However, further research on long-term endurance tests is required to obtain a better understanding of endurance characteristics about engine wear of the diesel engine using biodiesel and its blends.

Suggested Citation

  • Dong Lin Loo & Yew Heng Teoh & Heoy Geok How & Jun Sheng Teh & Liviu Catalin Andrei & Slađana Starčević & Farooq Sher, 2021. "Applications Characteristics of Different Biodiesel Blends in Modern Vehicles Engines: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-31, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:17:p:9677-:d:623948
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