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Streamflow Alterations, Attributions, and Implications in Extended East Rapti Watershed, Central-Southern Nepal

Author

Listed:
  • Vishnu Prasad Pandey

    (Nepal Office, International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Lalitpur 44700, Nepal)

  • Dibesh Shrestha

    (Nepal Office, International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Lalitpur 44700, Nepal)

  • Mina Adhikari

    (Nepal Water Conservation Foundation for Academic Research (NWCF), Kathmandu 44600, Nepal)

  • Shristi Shakya

    (Policy Entrepreneurs Incorporated (PEI), Lalitpur 44700, Nepal)

Abstract

Streamflow alteration and subsequent change in long-term average, seasonality, and extremes (e.g., floods and droughts) may affect water security, which is a major concern in many watersheds across the globe. Both climatic and anthropogenic activities may contribute to such changes. Therefore, this study assesses: (i) Streamflow and precipitation trends to identify streamflow alterations in the Extended East Rapti (EER) watershed in central-southern Nepal; (ii) relationship of the alterations to climatic and anthropogenic sources; and (iii) implications of streamflow changes to the socio-environmental system. The trends in streamflow were analyzed for pre-and post-1990 periods considering the abrupt shift in temperature trend in 1990. Results showed a general decreasing trends in discharge post-1990 in the EER watershed. Human activities have significantly contributed in altering streamflow in the EER. Human-induced streamflow alterations have affected the water availability, food security, river health, aquatic biodiversity, and groundwater abstraction in the EER watershed.

Suggested Citation

  • Vishnu Prasad Pandey & Dibesh Shrestha & Mina Adhikari & Shristi Shakya, 2020. "Streamflow Alterations, Attributions, and Implications in Extended East Rapti Watershed, Central-Southern Nepal," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-30, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:9:p:3829-:d:355333
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    References listed on IDEAS

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