IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v12y2020i9p3776-d354583.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Urban or Rural: Does It Make A Difference for Economic Resilience? A Modelling Study on Economic and Cultural Geography in Romania

Author

Listed:
  • Alexandru Pavel

    (Department of Public Administration and Management, Babeş-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, 400132 Cluj-Napoca, Romania)

  • Bogdan Andrei Moldovan

    (Department of Public Administration and Management, Babeş-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, 400132 Cluj-Napoca, Romania)

  • Karima Kourtit

    (Centre for European Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, 700506 Iași, Romania
    The Faculty of Management, Open University, 6419 Heerlen, The Netherlands
    School of Architecture, Planning and Design, Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
    Geography and Spatial Management, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-712 Poznan, Poland)

  • Peter Nijkamp

    (Centre for European Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, 700506 Iași, Romania
    The Faculty of Management, Open University, 6419 Heerlen, The Netherlands
    School of Architecture, Planning and Design, Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
    Geography and Spatial Management, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-712 Poznan, Poland)

Abstract

This article aims at investigating and measuring the economic resilience of local communities (43 urban and 403 rural) in Romania. The study focuses on the implications of the deep economic and financial crisis from 2008 to 2011 and explores the capacity of Romanian local economies in the North-West region to respond to these events. The research consists of developing an appropriate framework for assessing and quantifying community economic resilience, based on previous research of existing literature, and of measuring local economic development through a composite indicator by aggregating a series of variables using principal component analysis. The results show some striking differences between urban and rural communities in terms of impact, recovery, and performance compared with a pre-crisis level. Through regression analysis we were able to not only identify the determinants/explanatory factors for high-impact resilience that helped the recovery after an economic shock, but also the resilience drivers for ‘bouncing forward’ after the crisis, for both urban and rural communities. Our findings show an interesting change in the regional economy: some economic activities from the large urban areas in Romania moved to the nearby rural areas.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexandru Pavel & Bogdan Andrei Moldovan & Karima Kourtit & Peter Nijkamp, 2020. "Urban or Rural: Does It Make A Difference for Economic Resilience? A Modelling Study on Economic and Cultural Geography in Romania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-39, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:9:p:3776-:d:354583
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/9/3776/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/9/3776/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Audretsch, David & Feldman, Maryann P & Falck, Oliver & Heblich, Stephan, 2008. "The Lifecycle of Regions," CEPR Discussion Papers 6757, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    2. Paolo Rizzi & Paola Graziano & Antonio Dallara, 2018. "A capacity approach to territorial resilience: the case of European regions," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 60(2), pages 285-328, March.
    3. Ron Martin, 2012. "Regional economic resilience, hysteresis and recessionary shocks," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 12(1), pages 1-32, January.
    4. Dawley, Stuart & Pike, Andy & Tomaney, John, 2010. "Towards the resilient region?: policy activism and peripheral region development," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 33523, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    5. Gilles Duranton & Diego Puga, 2000. "Diversity and Specialisation in Cities: Why, Where and When Does it Matter?," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 37(3), pages 533-555, March.
    6. Paolo Di Caro, 2017. "Testing and explaining economic resilience with an application to Italian regions," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 96(1), pages 93-113, March.
    7. Peter Nijkamp & Adam Rose & Karima Kourtit (ed.), 2015. "Regional Science Matters," Springer Books, Springer, edition 127, number 978-3-319-07305-7, March.
    8. Rives, Janet M. & Heaney, Michael T., 1995. "Infrastructure and Local Economic Development," Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy, Mid-Continent Regional Science Association, vol. 25(01), pages 1-16.
    9. Paolo Rizzi & Paola Graziano & Antonio Dallara, 2015. "The regional competitiveness: an alternative approach," Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Sociali, Vita e Pensiero, Pubblicazioni dell'Universita' Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, vol. 123(3), pages 307-336.
    10. Alexandru Pavel & Octavian Moldovan, 2019. "Determining Local Economic Development in the Rural Areas of Romania. Exploring the Role of Exogenous Factors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-24, January.
    11. Alexandru Pavel & Bogdan Moldovan & Bogdana Neamtu & Cristina Hintea, 2018. "Are Investments in Basic Infrastructure the Magic Wand to Boost the Local Economy of Rural Communities from Romania?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-32, September.
    12. Benhabib, Jess & Spiegel, Mark M., 1994. "The role of human capital in economic development evidence from aggregate cross-country data," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(2), pages 143-173, October.
    13. Paolo Rizzi & Paola Graziano & Antonio Dallara, 2015. "The regional competitiveness: an alternative approach," Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Sociali, Vita e Pensiero, Pubblicazioni dell'Universita' Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, vol. 130(3), pages 307-336.
    14. Robert J. Stimson & Roger R. Stough & Brian H. Roberts, 2006. "Regional Economic Development," Springer Books, Springer, edition 0, number 978-3-540-34829-0, March.
    15. Alessi, Lucia & Benczur, Peter & Campolongo, Francesca & Cariboni, Jessica & Manca, Anna Rita & Menyhert, Balint & Pagano, Andrea, 2018. "The resilience of EU Member States to the financial and economic crisis. What are the characteristics of resilient behaviour?," JRC Research Reports JRC111606, Joint Research Centre.
    16. Kathleen Sherrieb & Fran Norris & Sandro Galea, 2010. "Measuring Capacities for Community Resilience," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 99(2), pages 227-247, November.
    17. József BENEDEK & Alexander C. LEMBCKE, 2017. "Characteristics of recovery and resilience in the Romanian regions," Eastern Journal of European Studies, Centre for European Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, vol. 8, pages 95-126, December.
    18. Ron Martin & Peter Sunley & Ben Gardiner & Peter Tyler, 2016. "How Regions React to Recessions: Resilience and the Role of Economic Structure," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(4), pages 561-585, April.
    19. Rebecca Wickes & Renee Zahnow & Melanie Taylor & Alex R. Piquero, 2015. "Neighborhood Structure, Social Capital, and Community Resilience: Longitudinal Evidence from the 2011 Brisbane Flood Disaster," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 96(2), pages 330-353, June.
    20. Jörg Döpke & Andreas Knabe & Cornelia Lang & Philip Maschke, 2017. "Multidimensional Well-being and Regional Disparities in Europe," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 55(5), pages 1026-1044, September.
    21. Alexandru Bănică & Marinela Istrate & Ionel Muntele, 2017. "Challenges for the Resilience Capacity of Romanian Shrinking Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-20, December.
    22. Elias Giannakis & Adriana Bruggeman, 2017. "Determinants of regional resilience to economic crisis: a European perspective," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(8), pages 1394-1415, August.
    23. Francesca Mameli & Simona Iammarino & Ron Boschma, 2012. "Regional variety and employment growth in Italian labour market areas: services versus manufacturing industries," Working Papers 4, Birkbeck Centre for Innovation Management Research, revised Mar 2012.
    24. Stuart Dawley & Andy Pike & John Tomaney, 2010. "Towards the Resilient Region?: Policy Activism and Peripheral Region Development," SERC Discussion Papers 0053, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    25. Susan L. Cutter & Bryan J. Boruff & W. Lynn Shirley, 2003. "Social Vulnerability to Environmental Hazards," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 84(2), pages 242-261, June.
    26. Egger, Hartmut & Falkinger, Josef, 2006. "The role of public infrastructure and subsidies for firm location and international outsourcing," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 50(8), pages 1993-2015, November.
    27. Goschin Zizi, 2019. "Specialisation Vs Diversification. Which One Better Upholds Regional Resilience to Economic Crises?," Journal of Social and Economic Statistics, Sciendo, vol. 8(2), pages 11-23, December.
    28. Roman, Monica & Goschin, Zizi, 2011. "Does religion matter? Exploring economic performance differences among Romanian emigrants," MPRA Paper 31779, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    29. Ron Martin & Peter Sunley, 2015. "On the notion of regional economic resilience: conceptualization and explanation," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 15(1), pages 1-42.
    30. Jacoby, Hanan C, 2000. "Access to Markets and the Benefits of Rural Roads," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 110(465), pages 713-737, July.
    31. Roberto Ezcurra & Vicente Rios, 2019. "Quality of government and regional resilience in the European Union. Evidence from the Great Recession," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 98(3), pages 1267-1290, June.
    32. David North & David Smallbone, 2000. "Innovative Activity in SMEs and Rural Economic Development: Some Evidence from England," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(1), pages 87-106, February.
    33. Yu Xiao & Joshua Drucker, 2013. "Does Economic Diversity Enhance Regional Disaster Resilience?," Journal of the American Planning Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 79(2), pages 148-160, April.
    34. Ugo Fratesi & Giovanni Perucca, 2018. "Territorial capital and the resilience of European regions," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 60(2), pages 241-264, March.
    35. John Östh & Aura Reggiani & Peter Nijkamp, 2018. "Resilience and accessibility of Swedish and Dutch municipalities," Transportation, Springer, vol. 45(4), pages 1051-1073, July.
    36. Aldrich, Lorna M. & Kusmin, Lorin D., 1997. "Rural Economic Development: What Makes Rural Communities Grow?," Agricultural Information Bulletins 33677, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    37. Derek D. Headey & Andrew Hodge, 2009. "The Effect of Population Growth on Economic Growth: A Meta‐Regression Analysis of the Macroeconomic Literature," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 35(2), pages 221-248, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Raluca Ignat & Marius Constantin, 2020. "Multidimensional Facets of Entrepreneurial Resilience during the COVID-19 Crisis through the Lens of the Wealthiest Romanian Counties," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-29, December.
    2. Tiberiu Iancu & Ionuț Laurențiu Petre & Valentina Constanta Tudor & Marius Mihai Micu & Ana Ursu & Florina-Ruxandra Teodorescu & Eduard Alexandru Dumitru, 2022. "A Difficult Pattern to Change in Romania, the Perspective of Socio-Economic Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-29, February.
    3. Lu Liu & Yuxin Meng & Desheng Wu & Qiying Ran & Jianhong Cao & Zilian Liu, 2023. "Impact of haze pollution and human capital on economic resilience: evidence from prefecture-level cities in China," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(11), pages 13429-13449, November.
    4. Mingke Xie & Zhangxian Feng & Chenggu Li, 2022. "How Does Population Shrinkage Affect Economic Resilience? A Case Study of Resource-Based Cities in Northeast China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-22, March.
    5. Patricio AROCA & Karima KOURTIT & Peter NIJKAMP & Roger STOUGH, 2021. "Prosilience trajectories of phoenix regions: a narrative on intelligent transformation of old mining areas," Eastern Journal of European Studies, Centre for European Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, vol. 12, pages 76-99, August.
    6. Jianhong Fan & You Mo & Yunnan Cai & Yabo Zhao & Dongchen Su, 2021. "Evaluation of Community Resilience in Rural China—Taking Licheng Subdistrict, Guangzhou as an Example," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-15, May.
    7. Qiao Li & Haoming Guan & Zhangxian Feng & Wang Long, 2022. "Regional Economic Resilience in the Central-Cities and Outer-Suburbs of Northeast China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-13, February.
    8. Eduard Alexandru Dumitru & Ana Ursu & Valentina Constanta Tudor & Marius Mihai Micu, 2021. "Sustainable Development of the Rural Areas from Romania: Development of a Digital Tool to Generate Adapted Solutions at Local Level," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-18, October.
    9. Alexandru Olar & Mugurel I. Jitea, 2021. "Counterbalancing the Development Territorial Disparities in the Implementation of the Community-Led Local Development EU Approach in Romania," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-13, September.
    10. Oana Oprisan & Speranta Pirciog & Alina Elena Ionascu & Cristina Lincaru & Adriana Grigorescu, 2023. "Economic Resilience and Sustainable Finance Path to Development and Convergence in Romanian Counties," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-24, September.
    11. Chao Wei & Zuo Zhang & Sheng Ye & Mengxi Hong & Wenwen Wang, 2021. "Spatial-Temporal Divergence and Driving Mechanisms of Urban-Rural Sustainable Development: An Empirical Study Based on Provincial Panel Data in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-21, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Pedro Sánchez-Zamora & Rosa Gallardo-Cobos, 2019. "Diversity, Disparity and Territorial Resilience in the Context of the Economic Crisis: An Analysis of Rural Areas in Southern Spain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-21, March.
    2. Elias Giannakis & Christos T. Papadas, 2021. "Spatial Connectivity and Regional Economic Resilience in Turbulent Times," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-12, October.
    3. Paolo Rizzi & Paola Graziano & Antonio Dallara, 2018. "A capacity approach to territorial resilience: the case of European regions," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 60(2), pages 285-328, March.
    4. Alexandru Pavel & Bogdan Moldovan & Bogdana Neamtu & Cristina Hintea, 2018. "Are Investments in Basic Infrastructure the Magic Wand to Boost the Local Economy of Rural Communities from Romania?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-32, September.
    5. Linus Holtermann & Christian Hundt, 2018. "Hierarchically structured determinants and phase related patterns of economic resilience. An empirical case study for European regions," Working Papers on Innovation and Space 2018-02, Philipps University Marburg, Department of Geography.
    6. Liangang Li & Pingyu Zhang & Chengxin Wang, 2022. "What Affects the Economic Resilience of China’s Yellow River Basin Amid Economic Crisis—From the Perspective of Spatial Heterogeneity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-20, July.
    7. Yannis Psycharis & Anastasia Panori & Dimitrios Athanasopoulos, 2022. "Public Investment and Regional Resilience: Empirical Evidence from the Greek Regions," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 113(1), pages 57-79, February.
    8. Pontarollo, Nicola & Serpieri, Carolina, 2020. "A composite policy tool to measure territorial resilience capacity," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    9. Vinko Muštra & Blanka Škrabić Perić & Smiljana Pivčević, 2023. "Cultural heritage sites, tourism and regional economic resilience," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 102(3), pages 465-482, June.
    10. Hasan Engin Duran & Ugo Fratesi, 2023. "Economic resilience and regionally differentiated cycles: Evidence from a turning point approach in Italy," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 102(2), pages 219-252, April.
    11. Lisa Gianmoena & Vicente Rios, 2018. "The Determinants of Resilience in European Regions During the Great Recession: a Bayesian Model Averaging Approach," Discussion Papers 2018/235, Dipartimento di Economia e Management (DEM), University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
    12. Meiyue Li & Xiaowen Wang, 2022. "How Regions React to Economic Crisis: Regional Economic Resilience in a Chinese Perspective," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(4), pages 21582440221, December.
    13. Giuseppe Terzo, 2021. "Social capital, social economy and economic resilience of Italian provinces," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 100(5), pages 1113-1135, October.
    14. Liangang Li & Shuoya Liu & Chen Li & Pingyu Zhang & Kevin Lo, 2022. "What Matters for Regional Economic Resilience Amid Multi Shock Situations: Structural or Agency? Evidence from Resource-Based Cities in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-18, May.
    15. Vinko Muštra & Blanka Šimundić & Zvonimir Kuliš, 2020. "Does innovation matter for regional labour resilience? The case of EU regions," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 12(5), pages 955-970, October.
    16. Chang-Tai Lee & Jin-Li Hu & Ming-Hsin Kung, 2022. "Economic Resilience in the Early Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Across-Economy Comparison," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-25, April.
    17. Filippo Di Pietro & Patrizio Lecca & Simone Salotti, 2021. "Regional economic resilience in the European Union: a numerical general equilibrium analysis," Spatial Economic Analysis, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(3), pages 287-312, July.
    18. Alexandru Pavel & Octavian Moldovan, 2019. "Determining Local Economic Development in the Rural Areas of Romania. Exploring the Role of Exogenous Factors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-24, January.
    19. Yang Ban & Ying Wang & Xiaohong Chen & Liuqing Wei, 2022. "Synergistic Patterns of Urban Economic Efficiency and the Economic Resilience of the Harbin–Changchun Urban Agglomeration in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-21, December.
    20. Anping Chen & Nicolaas Groenewold, 2022. "Regional Resilience in China: The Response of the Provinces to the Growth Slowdown," The Review of Regional Studies, Southern Regional Science Association, vol. 52(1), pages 74-103.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:9:p:3776-:d:354583. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.