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Drought Tolerant Rice for Ensuring Food Security in Eastern India

Author

Listed:
  • Manzoor H. Dar

    (AFC India Limited (Formerly Agricultural Finance Corporation Ltd), Kirti Nagar, New Delhi 110015, India)

  • Showkat A. Waza

    (MCRS Sagam (Khudwani), SKUAST of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir 192124, India)

  • Sarvesh Shukla

    (International Rice Research Institute (IRRI-India), NASC Complex, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Najam W. Zaidi

    (International Rice Research Institute (IRRI-India), NASC Complex, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Swati Nayak

    (International Rice Research Institute (IRRI-India), NASC Complex, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Mosharaf Hossain

    (International Rice Research Institute (IRRI-India), NASC Complex, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Arvind Kumar

    (International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Banos, Laguna 4031, Philippines)

  • Abdelbagi M. Ismail

    (International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Banos, Laguna 4031, Philippines)

  • Uma S. Singh

    (International Potato Center (CIP), South Asia Center, NASC Complex, New Delhi 110012, India)

Abstract

Drought and limited availability of water serve as the serious limitation for rice production in rainfed ecosystems. Among the major rainfed rice-cultivating areas, states of eastern India occupy one of the largest drought-prone ecologies in the world. Cultivating drought tolerant rice varieties can serve as the most coherent approach to ensure food security in these areas. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), along with its national collaborators, has developed drought tolerant rice varieties possessing high yield along with desirable grain quality. One such conventionally bred line, IR74371-70-1-1, has been released with different names in the different countries: in India as Sahbhagi Dhan, in Nepal as Sukha Dhan 3, and in Bangladesh as BRRI Dhan 56. This indicates the suitability of this line to show better performance across the wide range of environments. Sahbhagi Dhan is a short duration variety that has genetic drought tolerance and is more efficient at extracting available moisture from the soil. During drought years, farmers cultivating Sahbhagi Dhan obtained the yield advantage of 0.8 to 1.6 t ha −1 over currently grown long duration as well as traditional varieties. In 2012, when the paddy crop was hit by drought, Sahbhagi Dhan revealed the yield advantage of more than a t ha −1 , which reduced to 0.78 and 0.56 t ha −1 during non-drought years of 2013 and 2014, respectively. Data taken from head to head trials during 2017 showed that Sahbhagi Dhan exhibited better performance over the existing rice varieties grown by farmers even under non-drought conditions. The important feature of Sahbhagi Dhan is its evident impact under drought and no yield penalty under favorable conditions over the counterfactual varieties of the same duration. Along with better yield under drought, the important advantage of Sahbhagi Dhan is the short maturity duration of this variety. This allows the farmers to advance the succeeding crop and creates an opportunity for accommodating an additional crop under favorable rainfed ecology, thereby enhancing the cropping intensity. Since the majority of the farmers living in drought prone ecologies are socio-economically under privileged, Sahbhagi Dhan, along with other drought tolerant varieties, can serve as one of the most viable and deliverable technologies for eradicating poverty from these ecologies dependent on rainfed rice.

Suggested Citation

  • Manzoor H. Dar & Showkat A. Waza & Sarvesh Shukla & Najam W. Zaidi & Swati Nayak & Mosharaf Hossain & Arvind Kumar & Abdelbagi M. Ismail & Uma S. Singh, 2020. "Drought Tolerant Rice for Ensuring Food Security in Eastern India," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-17, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:6:p:2214-:d:331791
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Du, Xiangbei & He, Wenchang & Gao, Shangqin & Liu, Dong & Wu, Wenge & Tu, Debao & Kong, Lingcong & Xi, Min, 2022. "Raised bed planting increases economic efficiency and energy use efficiency while reducing the environmental footprint for wheat after rice production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    2. Hemalatha Palanivel & Shipra Shah, 2021. "Unlocking the inherent potential of plant genetic resources: food security and climate adaptation strategy in Fiji and the Pacific," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(10), pages 14264-14323, October.
    3. Manzoor H. Dar & Dilruba A. Bano & Showkat A. Waza & Najam W. Zaidi & Asma Majid & Asif B. Shikari & M. Ashraf Ahangar & Mosharaf Hossain & Arvind Kumar & Uma S. Singh, 2021. "Abiotic Stress Tolerance-Progress and Pathways of Sustainable Rice Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-19, February.
    4. Joanna Kocięcka & Daniel Liberacki & Marcin Stróżecki, 2023. "The Role of Antitranspirants in Mitigating Drought Stress in Plants of the Grass Family ( Poaceae )—A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-19, June.
    5. Samal, Parshuram & Babu, Suresh Chandra & Mondal, Biswajit, 2021. "The Global Rice Scenario Towards 2050: Results for Six Continents," 2021 Conference, August 17-31, 2021, Virtual 315085, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    6. Ruixue Wang & Roderick M. Rejesus & Jesse B. Tack & Joseph V. Balagtas & Andy D. Nelson, 2022. "Quantifying the Yield Sensitivity of Modern Rice Varieties to Warming Temperatures: Evidence from the Philippines," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 104(1), pages 318-339, January.
    7. Vaiknoras, Kate & Larochelle, Catherine & Alwang, Jeffrey, 2020. "IFAD RESERACH SERIES 64 - How the adoption of drought-tolerant rice varieties impacts households in a non-drought year: Evidence from Nepal," IFAD Research Series 308809, International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD).
    8. Vaiknoras, Kate A. & Larochelle, Catherine & Alwang, Jeffrey, 2021. "How the adoption of drought-tolerant rice varieties impacts households in a non-drought year: Evidence from Nepal," 2021 Annual Meeting, August 1-3, Austin, Texas 313877, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    9. Htwe, Than & Sinutok, Sutinee & Chotikarn, Ponlachart & Amin, Nowshad & Akhtaruzzaman, Md & Techato, Kuaanan & Hossain, Tareq, 2021. "Energy use efficiency and cost-benefits analysis of rice cultivation: A study on conventional and alternative methods in Myanmar," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).

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