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Threat and Anxiety in the Climate Debate—An Agent-Based Model to Investigate Climate Scepticism and Pro-Environmental Behaviour

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  • Marie Lisa Kapeller

    (Institute of Systems Sciences, Innovation and Sustainability Research, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria)

  • Georg Jäger

    (Institute of Systems Sciences, Innovation and Sustainability Research, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria)

Abstract

In order to meet the challenges of sustainable development, it is of utmost importance to involve all relevant decision makers in this process. These decision makers are diverse, including governments, corporations and private citizens. Since the latter group is the largest and the majority of decisions relevant to the future of the environment is made by that group, great effort has been put into communicating relevant research results to them. The hope is that well-informed citizens make well-informed choices and thus act in a sustainable way. However, this common but drastic simplification that more information about climate change automatically leads to pro-environmental behaviour is fundamentally flawed. It completely neglects the complex social-psychological processes that occur if people are confronted with threatening information. In reality, the defence mechanisms that are activated in such situations can also work against the goal of sustainable development, as experimental studies showed. Based on these findings, we propose an agent-based model to understand the relation between threatening climate change information, anxiety, climate change scepticism, environmental self-identity and pro-environmental behaviour. We find that the exposure to information about climate change, in general, does not increase the pro-environmental intent unless several conditions regarding the individual’s values and information density are met.

Suggested Citation

  • Marie Lisa Kapeller & Georg Jäger, 2020. "Threat and Anxiety in the Climate Debate—An Agent-Based Model to Investigate Climate Scepticism and Pro-Environmental Behaviour," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-25, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:5:p:1823-:d:326365
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Aistė Diržytė & Aidas Perminas, 2020. "Nature-Related Cognitive Schemas and Self-Reported Psychological Flourishing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-19, May.
    2. Marlis C. Wullenkord & Josephine Tröger & Karen R. S. Hamann & Laura S. Loy & Gerhard Reese, 2021. "Anxiety and climate change: a validation of the Climate Anxiety Scale in a German-speaking quota sample and an investigation of psychological correlates," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 168(3), pages 1-23, October.
    3. Aiste Dirzyte & Vytis Valatka, 2023. "Creative and Happy Individuals Concerned about Climate Change: Evidence Based on the 10th Round of the European Social Survey in 22 Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-18, November.
    4. Zac Coates & Michelle Kelly & Scott Brown, 2024. "The Relationship between Climate Anxiety and Pro-Environment Behaviours," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-14, June.
    5. Nuryazmin Ahmat Zainuri & Norshariani Abd-Rahman & Lilia Halim & Mee Yeang Chan & Nisa Nadirah Mohd Bazari, 2022. "Measuring Pro-Environmental Behavior Triggered by Environmental Values," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-17, November.

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