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Geochemical Classification of Global Mine Water Drainage

Author

Listed:
  • Sandisiwe Khanyisa Thisani

    (Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Technology, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2092, South Africa)

  • Daramy Vondi Von Kallon

    (Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Technology, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2092, South Africa)

  • Patrick Byrne

    (School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moore’s University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK)

Abstract

This paper evaluates the geochemical distribution and classification of global Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) sources. The geochemical compositions of AMD from 72 mine water sites in 18 countries across 6 continents were referenced from literature. The secondary data were analysed for statistical distribution and mine water classification against the Hill (1968) framework. The research found that the global mine water displayed geochemical concentrations within 2%, 11%, 5%, 9% and 8% of the aluminium, sulphate, acidity, total iron and zinc distribution ranges, respectively, at the 75th percentile. The study also found that 46%, 11.1% and 2.7% of mine water sites met the criteria for Class I, Class II and Class III of the Hill (1968) framework, respectively, while the remaining 40% of sites were omitted by the framework’s geochemical specifications. The results were used to optimise the Hill (1968) framework. The revised framework was proposed for effective AMD geochemical classification, regulation and remediation.

Suggested Citation

  • Sandisiwe Khanyisa Thisani & Daramy Vondi Von Kallon & Patrick Byrne, 2020. "Geochemical Classification of Global Mine Water Drainage," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:24:p:10244-:d:458634
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wendy Timms & Cameron Holley, 2016. "Mine site water-reporting practices, groundwater take and governance frameworks in the Hunter Valley coalfield, Australia," Water International, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(3), pages 351-370, May.
    2. Thomashausen, Sophie & Maennling, Nicolas & Mebratu-Tsegaye, Tehtena, 2018. "A comparative overview of legal frameworks governing water use and waste water discharge in the mining sector," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 143-151.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Hyojik Yoon & Jonghyun Yoon, 2022. "The Impact Evaluation of Acid Mine Drainage on Zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) and Water Fleas ( Daphnia magna ) in the Vicinity of the Geum River Basin in Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-9, December.
    2. Omojola Awogbemi & Daramy Vandi Von Kallon & Kazeem Aderemi Bello, 2022. "Resource Recycling with the Aim of Achieving Zero-Waste Manufacturing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-18, April.
    3. Shaobo Liu & Li Liu & Jiang Li & Qingping Zhou & Yifeng Ji & Wenbo Lai & Cui Long, 2022. "Spatiotemporal Variability of Human Disturbance Impacts on Ecosystem Services in Mining Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-20, June.
    4. Sandisiwe Khanyisa Thisani & Daramy Vandi Von Kallon & Patrick Byrne, 2021. "Effects of Contact Time and Flow Configuration on the Acid Mine Drainage Remediation Capabilities of Pervious Concrete," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-17, September.
    5. Veronika Prepilková & Juraj Poništ & Marián Schwarz & Dagmar Samešová, 2022. "Possibilities of remediation of neutral mine drainage - Removal and recovery of potentially hazardous elements," Soil and Water Research, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 17(4), pages 251-267.
    6. Sandisiwe Khanyisa Thisani & Daramy Vandi Von Kallon & Patrick Byrne, 2021. "Review of Remediation Solutions for Acid Mine Drainage Using the Modified Hill Framework," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-20, July.
    7. Sandisiwe Khanyisa Thisani & Daramy Vandi Von Kallon & Patrick Byrne, 2021. "A Fixed Bed Pervious Concrete Anaerobic Bioreactor for Biological Sulphate Remediation of Acid Mine Drainage Using Simple Organic Matter," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-18, June.

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